+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | __ __ __ __ __ __ ___ __ ___ __ __ ___ | | /__\ /__` '__\ /__` |__) | / ` |__ /__` |__ |__) \ / | / ` |__ | | \__, .__/ \__/ .__/ | | \__, |___ .__/ |___ | \ \/ | \__, |___ | | | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ The ExoMars 2016 Mission Archived SPICE Kernel Data set Last update: 2022-10-05T13:25:00 Introduction ============ This document describes the ExoMars 2016 SPICE kernel data set (SKD) containing observation geometry and other ancillary data in the form of SPICE System kernel files for the TGO spacecraft and its instruments and targets. It describes the data set directory structure, kernels included in the data set, their naming conventions, and provides pointers to the SPICE software and documentation. Table of Contents ================= Introduction Table of Contents Overview Errata Archive Contents Kernel Types Archived Kernel Details SPK Files PCK Files IK Files CK Files LSK Files SCLK Files FK Files DSK Files MK Files Miscellaneous Files Checksum Files File Formats SPICE Software and Documentation Contact Information Cognisant Persons Overview ======== This archive includes the complete set of ExoMars 2016 SPICE data files (kernel files), which can be accessed using SPICE software. The SPICE data contain geometric and other ancillary information needed to recover the full value of science instrument data. In particular SPICE kernels provide spacecraft and planetary ephemerides, spacecraft and instrument orientation, instrument mounting alignments, and data needed for relevant time conversions. Data in the SPICE kernel files must be accessed using the software called the SPICE Toolkit produced and distributed by the Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF) Node of the Planetary Data System. This archive includes data covering from ExoMars 2016 launch, through the end time of the latest spacecraft orientation file supplied in the archive. However, it is possible that trajectory data beyond that time is included in the archive. Until the end of the spacecraft lifespan this archive will be accumulating with new data added according to the project archiving plan. Back to Table of Contents Errata ====== 1. This document is a simple HTML document. Providing documents in a simple mark-up format was allowed by earlier versions of the PDS4 Standards but became prohibited in later versions starting summer 2015. Since the document was compliant at the time when the first SPICE Bundle was released and for the sake of cross agency consistency of SPICE bundles, it will exist in the archive as an HTML document. 2. Kernels for the EDM Lander (Schiaparelli) and CK files for CaSSIS have not been included in the present version of the bundle on purpose. These files will be present in future versions of the bundle. 3. C-Matrix Kernels generated from Housekeeping Telemetry contain several gaps for different known reasons. Some of the gaps might be restored in future versions of the bundle. Note that for S/C attitude those gaps are covered by predicted CK files. For High Gain Antenna and Solar Arrays the user can load the CK files that provide canonical (zero) orientation. Note that these last files are not included in the meta-kernel. 4. Meta-kernels before version 003 use the low precision Earth rotation model which is used by the ESA Tracking Stations. Results using these versions differ considerably and are discouraged. 5. Due to an error in the on-board spacecraft software, there is a variable offset affecting the time correlation provided by the SCLK files. This offset has been fully corrected in the SCLK em16_tgo_step_20220426.tsc. This affects the attitude data from the Housekeeping Telemetry based and the Flight Dynamics CKs. 6. The FK em16_tgo_v23.tf included in this bundle differs from the same file published in the ESA SPICE Service operational FTP and Git repository. Because of that, the text "Updated TIRVIM scanner reference frames and descriptions." in the Version and Date section of the FK em16_tgo_v24.tf is incorrectly placed under Version 2.3. The associated changes were introduced in Version 2.4. 7. The SPK file earthstns_itrf93_050714.bsp endianness is IEEE MSB (BIG-IEEE) which is not adequate as indicated in the File Formats section of this document. 8. The Miscellaneous collection was only added to the bundle in the release 05 (July 2022) and therefore the checksum tables and collection inventories and their labels that correspond to previous releases were added irregularly in that release. This is reflected in the bundle label of that particular release that contains additional Bundle_Member_Entry classes for that miscellaneous collection. 9. The lid_reference field in the meta-kernel labels up to version 5.0 include a carriage return. For version 6.0 the carriage return at the lid_reference fields have been removed from the file em16_v006.xml. Back to Table of Contents Archive Contents ================ Files in this archive are organized into a set of subdirectories below the top-level directory. The following diagram shows the structure and content of these directories. The directory names are enclosed in square brackets ([]). [top-level-directory] | |- bundle_em16_spice_v*.xml Bundle PDS4 label, one or more versions. |- readme.txt Bundle top-level readme file. | |-[spice_kernels] Directory containing SPICE kernels. | | | |- collection_spice_kernels_v*.xml PDS4 labels for Spice Kernels collections. | |- collection_spice_kernels_inventory_v*.tab | | Spice Kernels collections' inventories. | | | |-[ck] Directory containing CK files. | | | | | |-- *.bc Binary CK files. | | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for CK files. | | | |-[dsk] Directory containing DSK files. | | | | | |-- *.bds Binary DSK files. | | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for DSK files. | | | |-[fk] Directory containing FK files. | | | | | |-- *.tf Text FK files. | | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for FK files. | | | |-[ik] Directory containing IK files. | | | | | |-- *.ti Text IK files. | | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for IK files. | | | |-[lsk] Directory containing LSK files. | | | | | |-- *.tls Text LSK files. | | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for LSK files. | | | |--[mk] Directory containing MK files. | | | | | |-- *.tm Text Meta-kernel files. | | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for MK files. | | | |-[pck] Directory containing PCK files. | | | | | |-- *.tpc Text PCK files. | | |-- *.bpc Binary PCK files. | | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for PCK files. | | | |-[sclk] Directory containing SCLK files. | | | | | |-- *.tsc Text SCLK files. | | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for SCLK files. | | | +-[spk] Directory containing SPK files. | | | |-- *.bsp Binary SPK files. | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for SPK files. | |-+-[miscellaneous] Directory miscellaneous files. | | | |- collection_miscellaneous_v*.xml PDS4 labels for miscellaneous collections. | |- collection_miscellaneous_inventory_v*.tab | | Miscellaneous collections' inventories. | | | +-[checksum] Directory containing checksum files. | | | |-- *.tab Text checksum files. | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for checksum files. | +-[document] Directory containing documents. | |- collection_document_v*.xml PDS4 labels for document collections. |- collection_document_inventory_v*.tab | Document collections' inventories. | |- spiceds_v*.html This file and its earlier versions. +- spiceds_v*.xml PDS4 labels for this file and its earlier versions. Back to Table of Contents Kernel Types ============ Different SPICE kernel types are used to store different kinds of ancillary data. SPK (Spacecraft Planet Kernel) files contain ephemerides (position and velocity) for spacecraft, planets, satellites, comets and asteroids as well as for moving or fixed spacecraft and instrument structures. SPK files are located under the spice_kernels/spk directory of this archive. PCK (Planetary Constants Kernel) files contain certain physical, dynamical and cartographic constants for target bodies, such as size and shape specifications, and orientation of the spin axis and prime meridian. PCK files are located under the spice_kernels/pck directory of this archive. IK (Instrument Kernel) files contain instrument parameters relevant for computing an instrument's geometry such as field-of-view definitions, CCD and optical distortion characteristics, and internal timing parameters. IK files are located under the spice_kernels/ik directory of this archive. CK (C-matrix Kernel) files contain time varying orientations for spacecraft, spacecraft structures, and articulating science instruments. CK files are located under the spice_kernels/ck directory of this archive. LSK (Leapseconds Kernel) files contain the leapseconds and the values of other constants required to perform a transformation between Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) and Ephemeris time (ET), which is also known as Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB). LSK files are located under the spice_kernels/lsk directory of this archive. SCLK (Spacecraft Clock Kernel) files contain on-board clock calibration data required to perform a transformation between Ephemeris time (ET) and spacecraft on-board time (SCLK). SCLK files are located under the spice_kernels/sclk directory of this archive. FK (Frame definitions Kernel) files contain information required to define reference frames, sources of frame orientation data and connections between these frames and other frames supported within the SPICE system. The science instrument frame definitions provided in the FK files include mounting alignment information for the instruments. FK files are located under the spice_kernels/fk directory of this archive. DSK (Digital Shape Kernel) files contain detailed shape models for extended objects. These objects typically are solar system bodies such as planets, dwarf planets, natural satellites, asteroids, and comet nuclei. DSK data also can represent shapes of artificial objects such as spacecraft components or represent abstractions such as a magnetic field model. DSK files are located under the spice_kernels/dsk directory of this archive. MK (Meta-Kernel) files list sets of related SPICE kernels that should be used together, providing an easy way to make data from these kernel sets available to a SPICE-based application by loading meta-kernels into the program using the high level SPICE data loader routine FURNSH. MK files are located the spice_kernels/mk directory of this archive. Back to Table of Contents Archived Kernel Details ======================= The subsections below provide details, such as file naming conventions and specific details, for each of the kernel types included in this archive. Please note that the most detailed description of the data in each file is provided in metadata included inside the file or the comment area of the file. For binary files this information can be viewed using the utility program COMMNT included in the NAIF Toolkit. Back to Table of Contents SPK Files This directory contains the SPICE SP-Kernel files for the ExoMars 2016 mission, including mission analysis, nominal and operational spacecraft trajectory SPKs, generic planetary and satellite ephemeris SPKs. Naming Scheme for ExoMars 2016 spacecraft SPKs: The naming scheme for the ExoMars 2016 spacecraft trajectory SPKs is: em16_SC_TYPE[_ID][_DESC]_YYYYMMDD_YYYYMMDD_vNN.bsp where SC acronym of the spacecraft: tgo: for the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) spacecraft; edm: for the Schiaparelli (EDM) lander; TYPE Data type, where a reference to the originator of the data, the type of data and the reference period is provided. This is a three letter acronym. The first letter defines the file originator: s: Science Operations Center; m: Mission Analysis; f: Flight Dynamics; the second letter defines the reference period of the data: c: Cruise phase reference; p: Pre-aerobraking phase reference; a: Aerobraking phase reference; l: Science phase Long term reference; m: Science phase Medium term reference; s: Science phase Short term reference; o: Undefined reference; the third letter indicates the type of data p: Predicted and often reconstructed data; r: Reconstructed data; t: Test data; ID mapping to the original file product IDs as defined per an ICD document (optional); DESC free text description of any particular aspect of the data (optional); YYYYMMDD coverage start and stop times in TDB (required); NN version number, starting from 01 (required; e.g. 01); The naming scheme for the ExoMars 2016 spacecraft center-of-gravity SPKs is: em16_SC_cog[_ID][_YYYYMMDD_YYYYMMDD]_vNN.bsp where SC acronym of the spacecraft: tgo: for the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) spacecraft; edm: for the Schiaparelli (EDM) lander; ID mapping to the original file product IDs as defined per an ICD document (optional); YYYYMMDD coverage start and stop times in TDB (optional); NN version number, starting from 01 (required; e.g. 01); The naming scheme for the ExoMars 2016 spacecraft structures SPKs is: em16_SC_struct_vNN.bsp where SC acronym of the spacecraft: tgo: for the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) spacecraft; edm: for the Schiaparelli (EDM) lander; NN version number, starting from 01 (required; e.g. 01); Naming Scheme for Generic Planetary Ephemeris SPKs The naming scheme for generic planetary SPKs is: deNNN.bsp where NNN DE version (required; e.g. 421); Naming Scheme for Generic Mars Satellite Ephemeris SPKs The naming scheme for generic mars satellite SPKs is: marNNN[_EXTRA].bsp where NNN satellite ephemeris number (required; e.g. 083); EXTRA additional information token (optional); Naming Scheme for Generic Outer Planets Ephemeris SPKs The naming scheme for generic mars satellite SPKs is: outerplanets_vNNNN.BSP where NNNN version (required; e.g. 0004); Naming Scheme for ESA ESTRACK ground stations SPKs The naming scheme for ESA ESTRACK ground stations SPKs is: estrack_vNN.bsp where NN version (required; e.g. 01); Naming Scheme for NASA DSN ground stations SPKs The naming scheme for NASA DSN ground stations SPKs is: earthstns_itrf93_YYMMDD.bsp where YYMMDD release date (required; e.g. 050714); Naming Scheme for Russian ground stations SPKs The naming scheme for Russian ground stations SPKs is: earthstns_ru_YYYYMMDD.bsp where YYYYMMDD creation date (required; e.g. 20210706); Naming Scheme for ExoMars 2016 relay locations SPKs The naming scheme for ExoMars 2016 relay locations SPKs is: em16_tgo_relay_locations_vNN.bsp where NN version (required; e.g. 01); Naming Scheme for ESA New Norcia ground station SPKs The naming scheme for ESA New Norcia ground stations SPKs is: new_norcia.bsp Back to Table of Contents PCK Files This directory contains generic and mission-specific SPICE Planetary Constants Kernel files for the ExoMars 2016 mission. The data in these kernels correspond to the best knowledge of the orientation, size and shape of Mars, its satellites and the Earth. Naming Scheme for Generic PCKs The naming scheme for generic PCKs is: pckNNNNN.tpc where NNNNN version number (required; e.g. 00010); If multiple versions of a generic PCK Kernel file are provided, always use the latest version (unless an earlier version is needed for some special reasons.) The naming scheme for generic PCK containing masses for Solar System bodies is: de-NNN-masses.tpc where NNN planetary ephemeris version number (required; e.g. 403); If multiple versions of a generic PCK Kernel file are provided, always use the latest version (unless an earlier version is needed for some special reasons.) Naming Scheme for Earth high-precision PCKs The naming scheme for the Earth high-precision PCKs is: earth_SDAT_EDAT_PDAT.bpc where SDAT is the file's coverage start time in YYMMDD format; EDAT is the file's coverage end time in YYMMDD format; PDAT is the date from which the information contained in the file corresponds to predicted data. Any data prior to this date corresponds to actual measurements. Back to Table of Contents IK Files This directory contains the SPICE Instrument Kernel files for the ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) remote sensing instruments. The naming scheme for ExoMars2016 IKs is: em16_SC_INST_vNN.ti where SC acronym of the spacecraft (required): tgo: for the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) spacecraft; edm: for the Schiaparelli (EDM) lander; INST instrument identifier (required): acs for ACS cassis for CaSSIS frend for FREND nomad for NOMAD str for Star Trackers NN version number (required; e.g. 01); If multiple versions of an IK file are provided for an instrument, always use the latest version (unless earlier version is needed for some special reasons.) Back to Table of Contents CK Files CK (Camera-Matrix Kernel) files contain time varying orientation for the ExoMars2016 TGO spacecraft, its structures, and science instruments. ExoMars2016 spacecraft CK: The naming scheme for the ExoMars2016 spacecraft CKs is: em16_SC_INST_TYPE[_ID][_DESC]_YYYYMMDD_YYYYMMDD_SCLK_vNN.bc where SC acronym of the spacecraft (required): tgo: for the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) spacecraft; edm: for the Schiaparelli (EDM) lander; INST instrument/structure/sensor identifier (required): sc: for the TGO/EDM spacecraft frame; cassis: for the CaSSIS Telescope frame; nomad: for the NOMAD LNO Scanning mirror frame; acs: for the Atmospheric Chemistry Suite ACS; hga: for the High Gain Antenna; sa: for the Solar Arrays; TYPE Data type, where a reference to the originator of the data, the type of data and the and the reference period is provided. This is a three letter acronym. The first letter defines the file originator: s: Science Operations Center; m: Mission Analysis; f: Flight Dynamics; i: Instrument Team; the second letter defines the reference period of the data: c: Cruise phase reference; p: Pre-aerobraking phase reference; a: Aerobraking phase reference; l: Science phase Long term reference; m: Science phase Medium term reference; s: Science phase Short term reference; o: Undefined reference; the third letter indicates the type of data p: Predicted data; m: Measured data; r: Reconstructed data; t: Test data; ID mapping to the original file product IDs as defined per an ICD document (optional); DESC description of the original reference file of any particular of the original file (optional) e.g: npo: Nadir Power-optimized s/c attitude; noa: Nadir Orbit-aligned s/c attitude; axis: Orientation of the spin axis of EDM; spin: Angular velocity of the spin axis of EDM; YYYYMMDD coverage start and stop times in TDB (required); SCLK reference to SCLK used to created the CK (required): sYYYYMMDD: SCLK version YYMMDD for type ``step'' tYYYYMMDD: SCLK version YYMMDD for type ``stretch'' fYYYYMMDD: SCLK version YYMMDD for type ``fictional'' NN version number -- 2 digits (required; e.g. 01). See [5] for further details on the SCLK types available to ExoMars2016. If multiple versions of a C-Kernel file are provided, always use the latest version (unless earlier version is needed for some special reasons.) Back to Table of Contents LSK Files This directory contains the generic SPICE Leapseconds Kernel files for the ExoMars 2016 mission. The naming scheme for generic LSKs is: naifNNNN.tls where NNNN version number (required; e.g. 0011); If multiple versions of a generic LSK Kernel file are provided, always use the latest version (unless earlier version is needed for some special reasons.) Back to Table of Contents SCLK Files This directory contains the SPICE Spacecraft Clock-Kernel files for the ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) spacecraft on-board clock. The naming scheme for TGO SCLKs is: em16_tgo_TYPE_YYYYMMDD.tsc where TYPE SCLK data type contained within the file: fict: ``fictional'' data; stre: SCLK created using a 'stretch' strategy, i.e. TCPs are considered only the time they start to be applicable, and then the correlation is made by linking these points, i.e. not taking into consideration the gradient and offsets provided within the TCPs; step: SLKC created using a 'step' strategy, i.e. additional TCPs are created between real ones in order to match the time correlation provided by a TCP packet N at 60 seconds before TCP packet N+1, so that continuity is forced. YYYYMMDD start time of applicability, i.e. either release date for fictional SCLKs or date of the last TCP used to generate the SCLK in stretch/step mode. Back to Table of Contents FK Files This directory contains the SPICE Frames Definition Kernel files for the ExoMars 2016 TGO spacecraft, its structures, and science instruments, as well as for the Ground Earth Stations. Moreover, it contains frame definitions for science operations and for data analysis and scientific investigations. The following table provides information on which file contains which frames, their file naming conventions and some particular details: File Contents -------------------------------- --------------------------------------- earthfixediau.tf Makes the IAU_EARTH coincide with the Earth fixed reference frame. earthfixeditrf93.tf Makes the ITRF93 frame coincide with the Earth fixed reference frame. estrack_vNN.tf ESA Ground Stations topocentric frames. new_norcia_topo.tf ESA New Norcia topocentric frame. earth_topo_YYMMDD.tf NASA DSN Ground Stations topocentric frames released at date YYMMDD. earthstns_ru_YYYYMMDD.tf Russian ground stations topocentric frames created at date YYYYMMDD. rssd0002.tf Cross-mission frames kernel that defines frames of interest not ``built'' in the SPICE toolkit. em16_tgo_ops_vNN.tf ExoMars 2016 TGO science operations frames. em16_tgo_vNN.tf ExoMars2016 TGO spacecraft, structures, instruments and sensors frames. em16_dsk_surfaces_vNN.tf ExoMars2016 TGO Surface definitions for Digital Shape Kernels. em16_tgo_relay_locations_vNN.tf ExoMars2016 TGO spacecraft relay locations frames for selected Rovers and Landers. where NN version number -- two digits (required; e.g. 01) If multiple versions of a Frames Kernel file are provided, always use the latest version (unless earlier version is needed for some special reasons.) Back to Table of Contents DSK Files This directory contains the SPICE Digital Shape-Kernel files for ExoMars2016 target bodies and spacecraft components. The naming scheme for the ExoMars2016 S/C DSKs is: em16_SC_BODY_vNN.bds where SC spacecraft: tgo for TGO edm for Schiaparelli BODY body: bus for S/C Bus hga for High Gain Antenna samz for -Z Solar Array sapz for +Z Solar Array NN version number (required; e.g. 01) Back to Table of Contents MK Files Meta-kernel (MK) files (a.k.a 'furnsh' files) provide lists of the archived kernels included in this archive suitable for loading into a SPICE-based application via the high level SPICE data loader routine FURNSH. Using meta-kernels makes it easy to load with one call a comprehensive SPICE data collection for a given period. The text MK files are provided under the spice_kernels/mk directory and are named according to the following scheme: - ExoMars 2016 MK files em16_vVVV.tm where VVV is the version; the file with the latest version supersedes all similarly named files with earlier versions. The reasons for adding new kernels include (but are not limited to) adding new kinds of kernels, adding new versions of existing kernels containing more complete or more accurate data, and adding new versions of existing kernels superseding the existing kernels that had errors. The file with the latest version number supersedes all earlier versions. Although the meta-kernels were created such that on a UNIX workstation they can be loaded into a SPICE-based application directly from the directory in which they reside -- because the PATH_VALUES keyword is set to '..' and '/' is used as the path delimiter -- it is recommended that users make local copies of these files and update the PATH_VALUES keyword in each of them to point to the actual location of the archive's 'spice_kernels' directory on their system. Additional changes including replacing '/' and '\' in all path specifications and converting UNIX line terminators to terminators native to the user's system may be required to use these meta-kernels on non-UNIX workstation. The following guidelines were followed to pick and set priority -- determined by the order in which the kernel files are listed, with the latest one taking precedence -- for the kernel files included in these meta-kernels: - the latest archived versions of LSK, PCK, SCLK, IK, FK, generic SPKs, fixed offset SPKs, and fixed orientation CKs were included - the latest reconstructed SPKs were included - the latest predicted and reconstructed CKs were included Additional description of the kernels sets listed in a text MK file is provided in metadata included inside the description area of the file. This information can be viewed using any text editor program. Back to Table of Contents Miscellaneous Files =================== Miscellaneous files provide value added elements that are outside the scope of the PDS archive requirements. Miscellaneous files included in this archive are currently limited to checksum files. The subsection below provides details for these files. Back to Table of Contents Checksum Files A checksum file provides a table of MD5 checksums for all files in the archive as of a particular archive (bundle) version, including checksums for all previous checksums files and their labels but excluding the checksum for the checksum file itself and its label. The checksum files are provided under the miscellaneous/checksum directory and are named according to the following scheme: - ExoMars 2016 checksum files checksum_vVVV.tab where VVV is the version; the file with the latest version supersedes all similarly named files with earlier versions and can be used to validate the archive in its entirety. Back to Table of Contents File Formats ============ All text documents, checksum files, and other meta information files such as descriptions, detached PDS4 labels, and inventory tables are stream format files, with a carriage return (ASCII 13) and a line feed character (ASCII 10) at the end of the records. This allows the files to be read by most operating systems. The text kernel files in this archive -- LSKs, PCKs, SCLKs, IKs, FKs, and MKs -- are UNIX text files, with a line feed character (ASCII 10) at the end of the line, and binary kernels files -- SPKs, CKs and DSKs -- are IEEE LSB binary files. While data files in this archive can be used 'as is' with SPICE toolkits for the majority of supported environments, converting the files to the binary or text format native to the user's computer may be required for use of the data with FORTRAN toolkits on incompatible environments. Refer to the documentation provided with the SPICE Toolkit to find out whether conversion is needed in each specific case. NAIF provides a tool (BINGO) that can convert either binary or text kernels from one format to another. This means that text files can have their line terminator changed and binary files can be converted to the native format of the platform of interest. BINGO is available from the utilities page at the NAIF Node of the PDS: https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/utilities.html Back to Table of Contents SPICE Software and Documentation ================================ The latest SPICE Toolkit for a variety of computer platforms, additional utility programs, documentation, tutorials, and hands-on lessons are available at the NAIF Node of the PDS: https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov specifically: Toolkit: https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/toolkit.html Utilities: https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/utilities.html Tutorials: https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/tutorials.html Lessons: https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/lessons.html Back to Table of Contents Contact Information =============================== If you have any questions regarding this directory or its contents, please contact the ESA SPICE Service at ESAC: Alfredo Escalante Lopez (+34) 91 813 14 29 spice@sciops.esa.int or NAIF at JPL: Boris Semenov +1 (818) 354-8136 Boris.Semenov@jpl.nasa.gov Back to Table of Contents Cognisant Persons =============================== This archive was produced by Marc Costa Sitja and Alfredo Escalante Lopez, ESA SPICE Service, Archives and SPICE Software Development and Operations Work Area, Data and Engineering Division (SCI-OP), Directorate of Science (D/SCI), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Villanueva de la Canada, Spain. End of ExoMars 2016 SPICE archive description. Back to Table of Contents