KPL/PCK

P_constants (PCK) SPICE kernel file pck00011.tpc
===========================================================================

        By: Nat Bachman (NAIF)    2022 December 27


Toolkit Compatibility Warning
--------------------------------------------------------

     This file provides Mars system rotation data usable with the
     N0067 and newer versions of the SPICE Toolkit. Using it to compute
     Mars, Phobos, or Deimos orientation with Toolkit versions N0066
     or earlier may cause fatal run-time memory corruption in user
     programs. See "Software limitations" below.

     All other data are compatible with the N0066 and earlier Toolkits.

     NAIF provides the PCK file pck00011_n0066.tpc for use with
     older Toolkits. That PCK contains all the data from this file,
     except that, in that file, one of the phase angle polynomials
     for Phobos is truncated to first order.


Purpose
--------------------------------------------------------

     This file makes available for use in SPICE-based application
     software orientation and size/shape data for natural bodies. The
     principal source of the data is a published report by the IAU
     Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements
     [1].

     Orientation and size/shape data not provided by this file may be
     available in mission-specific PCK files. Such PCKs may be the
     preferred data source for mission-related applications.
     Mission-specific PCKs can be found in PDS archives or on the NAIF
     web site at URL:

        https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/data.html


Version Description
--------------------------------------------------------

     This file was created on December 27, 2022 by NASA's Navigation
     and Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF) group, located at the Jet
     Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA.

     The previous version of the file was

        pck00010.tpc

     That file was published October 21, 2011.

     This version incorporates data from sources listed under "Sources and
     References" below. The primary sources are [1] and [2]. This file
     contains size, shape, and orientation data for all objects covered
     by the previous version of the file.

     New objects covered by this file but not by the previous
     version are:

        Asteroid 52 Europa
        Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
        Aegaeon (Saturn LIII)
        Comet Hartley 2
        Asteroid Psyche

     Orientation data for the following objects provided by this file differ
     from those provided by the previous version:

        Mercury

        Mars
        Deimos
        Phobos

        Neptune

        Ceres
        Steins
        Vesta

        Borrelly
        Tempel 1

     Radii for the following objects provided by this file differ
     from those provided by the previous version:

        Sun

        Mercury

        Anthe
        Atlas
        Calypso
        Daphnis
        Epimetheus
        Helene
        Janus
        Methone
        Pallene
        Pan
        Pandora
        Prometheus
        Telesto

        Pluto
        Charon

        Itokawa


File Organization
--------------------------------------------------------

     The contents of this file are as follows.

     Introductory Information:

         --   Purpose

         --   Version description

         --   File Organization

         --   Disclaimer

         --   Sources

         --   Explanatory notes

         --   Body numbers and names


     PcK Data:


        Orientation Data
        ----------------

         --   Orientation constants for the Sun, planets, and
              Pluto. Additional items included in this section:

                 - North geomagnetic centered dipole value
                   for the year 2023

         --   Orientation constants for satellites

         --   Orientation constants for asteroids

                 52 Europa
                 Davida
                 Eros
                 Gaspra
                 Hartley 2 (data shown in comments only)
                 Ida
                 Itokawa
                 Lutetia
                 Pallas
                 Steins
                 Vesta

         --   Orientation constants for comets

                 19P/Borrelly
                 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
                 Hartley 2 (data shown in comments only)
                 9P/Tempel 1


         Orientation data provided in this file are used
         by the SPICE Toolkit to evaluate the orientation
         of body-fixed, body-centered reference frames
         with respect to the ICRF frame ("J2000" in
         SPICE documentation). These body-fixed frames
         have names of the form

            IAU_<body name>

         for example

            IAU_JUPITER

         See the PCK Required Reading file pck.req for details.



        Radii of Bodies
        ---------------

         --   Radii of Sun, planets, and Pluto

         --   Radii of satellites, where available

         --   Radii of asteroids

                 52 Europa
                 Ceres
                 Davida
                 Eros
                 Gaspra
                 Ida
                 Itokawa
                 Lutetia
                 Mathilde
                 Psyche
                 Steins
                 Toutatis
                 Vesta

         --   Radii of comets

                 19P/Borrelly
                 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
                 81P/Wild 2
                 9P/Tempel 1
                 Halley
                 Hartley 2


Disclaimer
--------------------------------------------------------

Applicability of Data

     This P_constants file (PCK) may not contain the parameter values
     that you prefer. NAIF suggests that you inspect this file visually
     before proceeding with any critical or extended data processing.

File Modifications by Users

     Note that this file may be readily modified by you to change
     values or add/delete parameters. NAIF requests that you update the
     "by line," date, version description section, and file name
     if you modify this file.

     A user-modified file should be thoroughly tested before
     being published or otherwise distributed.

     P_constants files must conform to the standards described
     in the two SPICE technical reference documents:

        PCK Required Reading
        Kernel Required Reading


Known Limitations and Caveats

     Accuracy
     --------

     In general, the orientation models given here are claimed by the
     IAU Working Group Report [1] to be accurate to 0.1 degree
     ([1], p. 9). However, NAIF notes that orientation models for
     natural satellites and asteroids have in some cases changed
     substantially with the availability of new observational data, so
     users are urged to investigate the suitability for their
     applications of the models presented here.

     Earth orientation
     -----------------

     The IAU report [1] no longer provides rotational elements for the
     Earth. Data in this file are from [3].

     NAIF strongly cautions against using the earth rotation model
     presented here, corresponding to the SPICE reference frame name
     IAU_EARTH, for work demanding high accuracy. This model has been
     determined by NAIF to have an error in the prime meridian location
     of magnitude at least 150 arcseconds, with a local minimum
     occurring during the year 1999. Regarding availability of better
     earth orientation data for use with the SPICE system:

        Earth orientation data are available from NAIF in the form of
        binary earth PCK files. These files provide orientation data
        for the ITRF93 (terrestrial) reference frame relative to the
        ICRF.

        NAIF employs an automated process to create these files; each
        time JPL's Tracking Systems and Applications Section produces a
        new earth orientation parameter (EOP) file, a new PCK is
        produced. These PCKs cover a roughly 23 year time span starting
        at Jan. 1, 2000. In these PCK files, the following effects are
        accounted for in modeling the earth's rotation:

           - Precession:                   1976 IAU model

           - Nutation:                     1980 IAU model, plus interpolated
                                           EOP nutation corrections

           - Polar motion:                 interpolated from EOP file

           - True sidereal time:

                  UT1 - UT1R (if needed):  given by analytic formula
                + TAI - UT1 (or UT1R):     interpolated from EOP file
                + UT1 - GMST:              given by analytic formula
                + equation of equinoxes:   given by analytic formula

             where

                TAI    =   International Atomic Time
                UT1    =   Greenwich hour angle of computed mean sun - 12h
                UT1R   =   Regularized UT1
                GMST   =   Greenwich mean sidereal time

        These kernels are available from the NAIF web site

           https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/generic_kernels/pck

        At this time, these kernels have file names of the form

           earth_000101_yymmdd_yymmdd.bpc

        The first date in the file name, meaning 2000 January 1, is the
        file's coverage begin time. The second and third dates are,
        respectively, the file's coverage end time and the epoch of the
        last datum.

        These binary PCK files are very accurate (error < 0.1
        microradian) for epochs preceding the epoch of the last datum.
        For later epochs, the error rises to several microradians.

        Binary PCK files giving accurate earth orientation from 1972 to
        2007 and *low accuracy* predicted earth orientation from
        2020 to 2099 are also available in the same location.

        Characteristics and names of the binary kernels described here
        are subject to change. See the aareadme.txt file at the URL
        above for details.


     Lunar orientation
     -----------------

     The IAU report [1] no longer provides rotational elements for the
     Moon. Data in this file are from [3].

     The lunar orientation formula provided by this file is a
     trigonometric polynomial approximation yielding the orientation of
     the lunar "Mean Earth/Polar Axis" (ME) reference frame. The
     SPICE reference frame name corresponding to this model is
     IAU_MOON.

     A more accurate approximation can be obtained by using both the
     latest NAIF lunar frame kernel and the latest binary lunar orientation
     PCK file. These files provide orientation data for the both the Mean
     Earth/Polar Axis frame, which has the SPICE name MOON_ME, and the
     Lunar Principal Axes frame, which has the SPICE name MOON_PA.

     These files are available on the NAIF web site; lunar PCKs are
     located at the PCK URL above; lunar frame kernels are located at

        https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/generic_kernels/fk/satellites

     The latest lunar frame kernel has a name of the form

        moon_dennn_yymmdd.tf

     The latest binary lunar PCK has a name of the form

        moon_pa_dennn_yymmdd.bpc

     See the "aareadme.txt" files in the paths shown above for details
     on file contents and versions. We also suggest you refer to the
     SPICE tutorial named "lunar_earth_pck-fk," which is available from
     the NAIF web site.


     Geomagnetic dipole
     ------------------

     The SPICE Toolkit doesn't currently contain software to model the
     north geomagnetic centered dipole as a function of time.
     As a convenience for users, this dipole's location at the
     epoch 2023.0 was selected as a representative datum, and the
     planetocentric longitude and latitude of this location have been
     associated with the keywords

        BODY399_N_GEOMAG_CTR_DIPOLE_LON
        BODY399_N_GEOMAG_CTR_DIPOLE_LAT

     Older values for the north geomagnetic centered dipole are
     presented in comments as a discrete time series for the time range
     1945-2000. For details concerning the geomagnetic field model from
     which these values were derived, including a discussion of the
     model's accuracy, see [9] and [11].


     Prime meridian offsets
     ----------------------

     Prime meridian offset kernel variables, which have names
     of the form

        BODYnnn_LONG_AXIS

     are not used by SPICE geometry software. These variables should be
     considered deprecated; however, they will be retained for
     backwards compatibility.

     Users wishing to specify an offset reflecting the orientation of a
     reference ellipsoid relative to a body-fixed reference frame
     specified here should do so by creating a constant-offset frame
     (also called a "TK" frame) specification. See the Frames Required
     Reading frames.req for details.

     The Mars prime meridian offset given by [6] is provided for
     informational purposes only.


     Software limitations
     --------------------

     SPICE Toolkits prior to version N0067 cannot make use of
     the Mars system orientation data provided in this file. These
     older Toolkits are unable to detect and signal a SPICE error if
     they are used to compute orientation of Mars, Phobos, or Deimos
     using these data: memory corruption will occur in user applications
     linked these Toolkits if the applications attempt such computations.
     Any results, including those of unrelated computations, may be invalid
     after such memory corruption occurs.


Sources and References
--------------------------------------------------------

     Sources and background references for the constants listed in this
     file are:


        [1]  Archinal, B.A., Acton, C.H., A'Hearn, M.F., Conrad, A.,
             Consolmagno, G.J., Duxbury, T., Hestroffer, D., Hilton,
             J.L., Kirk, R.L., Klinoner, S.A., McCarthy, D.,
             Meech, K., Oberst, J., Ping., J., Seidelmann, P.K., Tholen,
             D.J., Thomas, P.C., and Williams, I.P., "Report of the IAU
             Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational
             Elements: 2015," Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
             130, Article number 22 (2018).
             DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10569-017-9805-5

        [2]  Archinal, B.A., Acton, C.H., Conrad, A., Duxbury, T.,
             Hestroffer, D., Hilton, J.L., Jorda, L., Kirk, R.L.,
             Klinoner, Margot, J.-L., S.A., Meech, K., Oberst,
             Paganelli, F., J., Ping., J., Seidelmann, P.K., Stark, A.,
             Tholen, Wang, Y., and Williams, I.P., "Correction to:
             Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates
             and Rotational Elements: 2015."

        [3]  Archinal, B.A., A'Hearn, M.F., Bowell, E., Conrad, A.,
             Consolmagno, G.J., Courtin, R., Fukushima, T.,
             Hestroffer, D., Hilton, J.L., Krasinsky, G.A.,
             Neumann, G., Oberst, J., Seidelmann, P.K., Stooke, P.,
             Tholen, D.J., Thomas, P.C., and Williams, I.P.
             "Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates
             and Rotational Elements: 2009."

        [4]  Archinal, B.A., A'Hearn, M.F., Conrad, A.,
             Consolmagno, G.J., Courtin, R., Fukushima, T.,
             Hestroffer, D., Hilton, J.L., Krasinsky, G.A.,
             Neumann, G., Oberst, J., Seidelmann, P.K., Stooke, P.,
             Tholen, D.J., Thomas, P.C., and Williams, I.P.
             "Erratum to: Reports of the IAU Working Group on
             Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2006 &
             2009."

        [5]  Seidelmann, P.K., Archinal, B.A., A'Hearn, M.F.,
             Conrad, A., Consolmagno, G.J., Hestroffer, D.,
             Hilton, J.L., Krasinsky, G.A., Neumann, G.,
             Oberst, J., Stooke, P., Tedesco, E.F., Tholen, D.J.,
             and Thomas, P.C. "Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group
             on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2006."

        [6]  Duxbury, Thomas C. (2001). "IAU/IAG 2000 Mars Cartographic
             Conventions,"  presentation to the Mars Express Data
             Archive Working Group, Dec. 14, 2001.

        [7]  Russell, C.T. and Luhmann, J.G. (1990). "Earth: Magnetic
             Field and Magnetosphere." <http://www-ssc.igpp.ucla.
             edu/personnel/russell/papers/earth_mag>. Originally
             published in "Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences," J.H.
             Shirley and R.W. Fainbridge, eds. Chapman and Hall,
             New York, pp 208-211.

        [8]  Russell, C.T. (1971). "Geophysical Coordinate
             Transformations," Cosmic Electrodynamics 2  184-186.
             NAIF document 181.0.

        [9]  ESA/ESTEC Space Environment Information System (SPENVIS)
             (2003). Web page: "Dipole approximations of the
             geomagnetic field."  <https://www.spenvis.oma.be/help/
             background/magfield/cd.html>.

        [10] Davies, M.E., Abalakin, V.K., Bursa, M., Hunt, G.E.,
             and Lieske, J.H. (1989). "Report of the IAU/IAG/COSPAR
             Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational
             Elements of the Planets and Satellites: 1988," Celestial
             Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, v.46, no.2, pp.
             187-204.

        [11] International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy
             Web page: "International Geomagnetic Reference Field."
             Discussion URL:

                http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/IAGA/vmod/igrf.html

             Coefficients URL:

                https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/IAGA/vmod/coeffs/igrf13coeffs.txt

        [12] Email communication from Dr. Brent Archinal (IAU WGCCRE Chair,
             USGS): "Re: Shape of comet Hartley 2." Dated December 22, 2022.

        [13] Seidelmann, P.K., Archinal, B.A., A'Hearn, M.F.,
             Cruikshank, D.P., Hilton, J.L., Keller, H.U., Oberst, J.,
             Simon, J.L., Stooke, P., Tholen, D.J., and Thomas, P.C.
             "Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic
             Coordinates and Rotational Elements of the Planets and
             Satellites: 2003," Unpublished.


     Most values are from [1]. All exceptions are
     commented where they occur in this file. The exceptions are:

          --  Phobos prime meridian constants are from [2].

          --  Lunar orientation data are from [3].

          --  Earth orientation data are from [3].

          --  North geomagnetic centered dipole values were
              computed by Nat Bachman from the 13th generation IGRF.
              The data source was [11].

     "Old values" listed are from the SPICE PCK file pck00010.tpc
     dated October 21, 2011. Most of these values came from the 2009
     IAU report [3].



Explanatory Notes
--------------------------------------------------------

     This file, which is logically part of the SPICE P-kernel, contains
     constants used to model the orientation, size and shape of the
     Sun, planets, natural satellites, and selected comets and
     asteroids. The orientation models express the direction of the
     pole and location of the prime meridian of a body as a function of
     time. The size/shape models ("shape models" for short) represent
     all bodies as ellipsoids, using two equatorial radii and a polar
     radius. Spheroids and spheres are obtained when two or all three
     radii are equal.

     The SPICE Toolkit routines that use this file are documented in
     the SPICE "Required Reading" file pck.req. They are also
     documented in the "PCK" SPICE tutorial, which is available on
     the NAIF web site.

File Format

     A terse description of the PCK file format is given here. See the
     SPICE "Required Reading" files pck.req and kernel.req for a
     detailed explanation of the SPICE text kernel file format. The
     files pck.req and kernel.req are included in the documentation
     provided with the SPICE Toolkit.

     The file starts out with the ``ID word'' string

        KPL/PCK

     This string identifies the file as a text kernel containing PCK
     data.

     This file consists of a series of comment blocks and data blocks.
     Comment blocks, which contain free-form descriptive or explanatory
     text, are preceded by a \begintext token. Data blocks follow a
     \begindata token. In order to be recognized, each of these tokens
     must be placed on a line by itself.

     The portion of the file preceding the first data block is treated
     as a comment block; it doesn't require an initial \begintext
     token.

     This file identifies data using a series of

        KEYWORD = VALUE

     assignments. The left hand side of each assignment is a
     "kernel variable" name; the right hand side is an associated value
     or list of values. SPICE kernel pool access routines (see kernel.req)
     enable other SPICE routines and user applications to retrieve the
     set of values associated with each kernel variable name.

     Kernel variable names are case-sensitive and are limited to
     32 characters in length.

     Numeric values may be integer or floating point. String values
     are normally limited to 80 characters in length; however, SPICE
     provides a mechanism for identifying longer, "continued" strings.
     See the SPICE routine STPOOL for details.

     String values are single quoted.

     When the right hand side of an assignment is a list of values,
     the list items may be separated by commas or simply by blanks.
     The list must be bracketed by parentheses. Example:

        BODY399_RADII     = ( 6378.1366   6378.1366   6356.7519 )

     Any blanks preceding or following keyword names, values and equal
     signs are ignored.

     Assignments may be spread over multiple lines, for example:

        BODY399_RADII     = ( 6378.1366
                              6378.1366
                              6356.7519 )

     This file may contain blank lines anywhere. Non-printing
     characters including TAB should not be present in the file: the
     presence of such characters may cause formatting errors when the
     file is viewed.

Time systems and reference frames

     The 2015 IAU Working Group Report [1] states the time scale used
     as the independent variable for the rotation formulas is
     Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) and that the epoch of variable
     quantities is J2000 TDB (2000 Jan 1 12:00:00 TDB, Julian ephemeris
     date 2451545.0 TDB). Throughout SPICE documentation and in this
     file, we use the names "J2000 TDB" and "J2000" for this epoch. The
     name "J2000.0" is equivalent.

     SPICE documentation refers to the time system used in this file
     as either "ET" or "TDB." SPICE software makes no distinction
     between TDB and the time system associated with the independent
     variable of the JPL planetary ephemerides T_eph.

     The inertial reference frame used for the rotational elements in
     this file is identified by [1] as the ICRF (International
     Celestial Reference Frame).

     The SPICE PCK software that reads this file uses the label "J2000"
     to refer to the ICRF; this is actually a mislabeling which has
     been retained in the interest of backward compatibility. Using
     data from this file, by means of calls to the SPICE frame
     transformation routines, will actually compute orientation
     relative to the ICRF.

     The difference between the J2000 frame and the ICRF is
     on the order of 100 milliarcseconds and is well below the
     accuracy level of the formulas in this file.

Orientation models

     All of the complete orientation models use three Euler angles to
     describe the orientation of the coordinate axes of the "Body Equator
     and Prime Meridian" system with respect to an inertial system. By
     default, the inertial system is the ICRF (labeled as "J2000"), but
     other inertial frames can be specified in the file. See the PCK
     Required Reading for details.

     The first two angles, in order, are the ICRF right ascension and
     declination (henceforth RA and DEC) of the north pole of a body as
     a function of time. The third angle is the prime meridian location
     (represented by "W"), which is expressed as a rotation about the
     north pole, and is also a function of time.

     For each body, the expressions for the north pole's right
     ascension and declination, as well as prime meridian location, are
     sums (as far as the models that appear in this file are concerned)
     of quadratic polynomials and trigonometric polynomials, where the
     independent variable is time.

     In this file, the time arguments in expressions always refer to
     Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB), measured in centuries or days
     past a reference epoch. By default, the reference epoch is the
     J2000 epoch, which is Julian ephemeris date 2451545.0 (2000 Jan 1
     12:00:00 TDB), but other epochs can be specified in the file. See
     the PCK Required Reading for details.

     Orientation models for satellites and some planets (including
     Jupiter) involve both polynomial terms and trigonometric terms.
     The arguments of the trigonometric terms are linear or quadratic
     polynomials. In this file, we call the arguments of these
     trigonometric terms "nutation precession angles" or "phase angles."

     Example: 2015 IAU Model for orientation of Jupiter. Note that
     these values are used as an example only; see the data area below
     for current values.

        Right ascension
        ---------------

        alpha   =  268.056595 - 0.006499 T        +  0.000117 sin(Ja)
             0                + 0.000938 sin(Jb)  +  0.001432 sin(Jc)
                              + 0.000030 sin(Jd)  +  0.002150 sin(Je)

        Declination
        -----------

        delta   =   64.495303 + 0.002413 T        +  0.000050 cos(Ja)
             0                + 0.000404 cos(Jb)  +  0.000617 cos(Jc)
                              - 0.000013 cos(Jd)  +  0.000926 cos(Je)

        Prime meridian
        --------------

        W       =  284.95  + 870.5366420 d


     Here

        T represents centuries past J2000 ( TDB ),

        d represents days past J2000 ( TDB ).

        Ja-Je are nutation precession angles.

     In this file, the polynomials' coefficients above are assigned
     to kernel variable names (left-hand-side symbols) as follows

        BODY599_POLE_RA        = (   268.056595     -0.006499       0. )
        BODY599_POLE_DEC       = (    64.495303      0.002413       0. )
        BODY599_PM             = (   284.95        870.5360000      0. )

     and the trigonometric polynomials' coefficients are assigned
     as follows

        BODY599_NUT_PREC_RA  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.000117
                                                                0.000938
                                                                0.001432
                                                                0.000030
                                                                0.002150 )

        BODY599_NUT_PREC_DEC = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.000050
                                                                0.000404
                                                                0.000617
                                                               -0.000013
                                                                0.000926 )

        BODY599_NUT_PREC_PM  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.0
                                                                0.0
                                                                0.0
                                                                0.0
                                                                0.0  )

     Note the number "599"; this is the NAIF ID code for Jupiter.

     In this file, the polynomial expressions for the nutation
     precession angles are listed along with the planet's RA, DEC, and
     prime meridian terms. Below are the 2006 IAU nutation precession
     angles for the Jupiter system.

        J1  =   73.32      +  91472.9 T
        J2  =   24.62      +  45137.2 T
        J3  =  283.90      +   4850.7 T
        J4  =  355.80      +   1191.3 T
        J5  =  119.90      +    262.1 T
        J6  =  229.80      +     64.3 T
        J7  =  352.25      +   2382.6 T
        J8  =  113.35      +   6070.0 T

        J9  =  146.64      + 182945.8 T
        J10 =   49.24      +  90274.4 T

        Ja  =   99.360714  +   4850.4046 T
        Jb  =  175.895369  +   1191.9605 T
        Jc  =  300.323162  +    262.5475 T
        Jd  =  114.012305  +   6070.2476 T
        Je  =   49.511251  +     64.3000 T

     Here

        T represents centuries past J2000 ( TDB )

        J1-J10 and Ja-Je are the nutation precession angles. The angles
        J9 and J10 are equal to 2*J1 and 2*J2, respectively.

        Angles J9 and J10 are not present in [1]; they have been added
        to fit the terms 2*J1 and 2*J2, which appear in the orientation
        models of several satellites, into a form that can be accepted
        by the PCK system.

     The assignment of the nutation precession angles for the
     Jupiter system is as follows:

        BODY5_NUT_PREC_ANGLES  = (    73.32      91472.9
                                      24.62      45137.2
                                     283.90       4850.7
                                     355.80       1191.3
                                     119.90        262.1
                                     229.80         64.3
                                     352.25       2382.6
                                     113.35       6070.0
                                     146.64     182945.8
                                      49.24      90274.4
                                      99.360714   4850.4046
                                     175.895369   1191.9605
                                     300.323162    262.5475
                                     114.012305   6070.2476
                                      49.511251     64.3000  )

     You'll see an additional symbol grouped with the ones listed
     above; it is

        BODY599_LONG_AXIS

     This is a deprecated feature; see the note on "Prime meridian
     offsets" under "Known Limitations and Caveats" above.

     The pattern of the formulas for satellite orientation is similar
     to that for Jupiter. Example: 2006 IAU values for Io. Again, these
     values are used as an example only; see the data area below for
     current values.

        Right ascension
        ---------------

        alpha  = 268.05  -  0.009 T  + 0.094 sin(J3)  +  0.024 sin(J4)
             0

        Declination
        -----------

        delta  =  64.50  +  0.003 T  + 0.040 cos(J3)  +  0.011 cos(J4)
             0

        Prime meridian
        --------------

        W      = 200.39  +  203.4889538 d  -  0.085 sin(J3)  -  0.022 sin(J4)


        d represents days past J2000.

        J3 and J4 are nutation precession angles.

     The polynomial terms are assigned to symbols by the statements

        BODY501_POLE_RA       = (  268.05          -0.009      0. )
        BODY501_POLE_DEC      = (   64.50           0.003      0. )
        BODY501_PM            = (  200.39         203.4889538  0. )

     The coefficients of the trigonometric terms are assigned to symbols by
     the statements

        BODY501_NUT_PREC_RA   = (    0.   0.     0.094    0.024   )
        BODY501_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (    0.   0.     0.040    0.011   )
        BODY501_NUT_PREC_PM   = (    0.   0.    -0.085   -0.022   )

     501 is the NAIF ID code for Io.

     SPICE software expects the models for satellite orientation to
     follow the form of the model shown here: the polynomial portions of the
     RA, DEC, and W expressions are expected to be quadratic, the
     trigonometric terms for RA and W (satellite prime meridian) are expected
     to be linear combinations of sines of nutation precession angles, the
     trigonometric terms for DEC are expected to be linear combinations of
     cosines of nutation precession angles, and the polynomials for the
     nutation precession angles themselves are expected to be linear or
     quadratic.

     Eventually, the software will handle more complex expressions, we
     expect.


Shape models

     There is only one kind of shape model supported by the SPICE
     Toolkit software at present: the triaxial ellipsoid. The 2015 IAU
     report [1] does not use any other models, except in the case of
     Mars, where separate values are given for the north and south
     polar radii. In this file, we provide as a datum the mean Mars
     polar radius provided by [1]. The North and South values are
     included as comments.

     For each body, three radii are listed: The first number is
     the largest equatorial radius, the second number is the smaller
     equatorial radius, and the third is the polar radius.

     Example: Radii of the Earth.

        BODY399_RADII     = ( 6378.1366   6378.1366   6356.7519 )



Body Numbers and Names
--------------------------------------------------------


     The following NAIF body ID codes and body names appear in this
     file. See the NAIF IDs Required Reading file naif_ids.req for
     a detailed discussion and a complete list of ID codes and names.


        1  Mercury barycenter
        2  Venus barycenter
        3  Earth barycenter
        4  Mars barycenter
        5  Jupiter barycenter
        6  Saturn barycenter
        7  Uranus barycenter
        8  Neptune barycenter
        9  Pluto barycenter
        10 Sun


        199 Mercury


        299 Venus


        399 Earth

        301 Moon


        499 Mars

        401 Phobos      402 Deimos


        599 Jupiter

        501 Io          502 Europa      503 Ganymede    504 Callisto
        505 Amalthea    506 Himalia     507 Elara       508 Pasiphae
        509 Sinope      510 Lysithea    511 Carme       512 Ananke
        513 Leda        514 Thebe       515 Adrastea    516 Metis


        699 Saturn

        601 Mimas       602 Enceladus   603 Tethys      604 Dione
        605 Rhea        606 Titan       607 Hyperion    608 Iapetus
        609 Phoebe      610 Janus       611 Epimetheus  612 Helene
        613 Telesto     614 Calypso     615 Atlas       616 Prometheus
        617 Pandora     618 Pan         632 Methone     633 Pallene
        634 Polydeuces  635 Daphnis     649 Anthe       653 Aegaeon


        799 Uranus

        701 Ariel       702 Umbriel     703 Titania     704 Oberon
        705 Miranda     706 Cordelia    707 Ophelia     708 Bianca
        709 Cressida    710 Desdemona   711 Juliet      712 Portia
        713 Rosalind    714 Belinda     715 Puck


        899 Neptune

        801 Triton      802 Nereid      803 Naiad       804 Thalassa
        805 Despina     806 Galatea     807 Larissa     808 Proteus


        999 Pluto

        901 Charon


        1000005 Comet 19P/Borrelly
        1000012 Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
        1000036 Comet Halley
        1000041 Comet Hartley 2
        1000093 Comet 9P/Tempel 1
        1000107 Comet 81P/Wild 2

        2000001 Asteroid Ceres
        2000002 Asteroid Pallas
        2000016 Asteroid Psyche
        2000004 Asteroid Vesta
        2000021 Asteroid Lutetia
        2000052 Asteroid 52 Europa
        2000216 Asteroid Kleopatra
        2000253 Asteroid Mathilde
        2000433 Asteroid Eros
        2000511 Asteroid Davida
        2002867 Asteroid Steins
        2004179 Asteroid Toutatis
        2025143 Asteroid Itokawa
        2431010 Asteroid Ida
        9511010 Asteroid Gaspra


Orientation Constants for the Sun and Planets
--------------------------------------------------------


Sun

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

        \begindata

        BODY10_POLE_RA         = (  286.13       0.          0. )
        BODY10_POLE_DEC        = (   63.87       0.          0. )
        BODY10_PM              = (   84.176     14.18440     0. )
        BODY10_LONG_AXIS       = (    0.                        )

\begintext

Mercury

     Old values:

        Values are from the 2009 IAU report.


        body199_pole_ra          = (  281.0097   -0.0328     0. )
        body199_pole_dec         = (   61.4143   -0.0049     0. )
        body199_pm               = (  329.5469    6.1385025  0. )

        body199_long_axis        = (    0.                        )

        body199_nut_prec_ra  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )

        body199_nut_prec_dec = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )

        body199_nut_prec_pm  = (    0.00993822
                                   -0.00104581
                                   -0.00010280
                                   -0.00002364
                                   -0.00000532  )


     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY199_POLE_RA          = (  281.0103   -0.0328     0. )
        BODY199_POLE_DEC         = (   61.4155   -0.0049     0. )
        BODY199_PM               = (  329.5988    6.1385108  0. )

        BODY199_LONG_AXIS        = (    0.                        )

        BODY199_NUT_PREC_RA  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )

        BODY199_NUT_PREC_DEC = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )

        BODY199_NUT_PREC_PM  = (    0.01067257
                                   -0.00112309
                                   -0.00011040
                                   -0.00002539
                                   -0.00000571  )
\begintext

           The linear coefficients have been scaled up from degrees/day
           to degrees/century, because the SPICELIB PCK reader expects
           these units. The original constants were:

                                    174.7910857      4.092335
                                    349.5821714      8.184670
                                    164.3732571     12.277005
                                    339.1643429     16.369340
                                    153.9554286     20.461675

\begindata

        BODY1_NUT_PREC_ANGLES  = ( 174.7910857  0.14947253587500003E+06
                                   349.5821714  0.29894507175000006E+06
                                   164.3732571  0.44841760762500006E+06
                                   339.1643429  0.59789014350000012E+06
                                   153.9554286  0.74736267937499995E+06 )

\begintext


Venus

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY299_POLE_RA          = (  272.76       0.          0. )
        BODY299_POLE_DEC         = (   67.16       0.          0. )
        BODY299_PM               = (  160.20      -1.4813688   0. )

        BODY299_LONG_AXIS        = (    0.                        )

\begintext


Earth

     Old values:

        The values shown below are those from the 2009 IAU report. The 2015
        report does not provide orientation data for the Earth or Moon.

\begindata

        BODY399_POLE_RA        = (    0.      -0.641         0. )
        BODY399_POLE_DEC       = (   90.      -0.557         0. )
        BODY399_PM             = (  190.147  360.9856235     0. )
        BODY399_LONG_AXIS      = (    0.                        )

\begintext


        Nutation precession angles for the Earth-Moon system:

           The linear coefficients have been scaled up from degrees/day
           to degrees/century, because the SPICELIB PCK reader expects
           these units. The original constants were:

                                    125.045D0   -0.0529921D0
                                    250.089D0   -0.1059842D0
                                    260.008D0   13.0120009D0
                                    176.625D0   13.3407154D0
                                    357.529D0    0.9856003D0
                                    311.589D0   26.4057084D0
                                    134.963D0   13.0649930D0
                                    276.617D0    0.3287146D0
                                     34.226D0    1.7484877D0
                                     15.134D0   -0.1589763D0
                                    119.743D0    0.0036096D0
                                    239.961D0    0.1643573D0
                                     25.053D0   12.9590088D0


\begindata


        BODY3_NUT_PREC_ANGLES  = (  125.045         -1935.5364525000
                                    250.089         -3871.0729050000
                                    260.008        475263.3328725000
                                    176.625        487269.6299850000
                                    357.529         35999.0509575000
                                    311.589        964468.4993100000
                                    134.963        477198.8693250000
                                    276.617         12006.3007650000
                                     34.226         63863.5132425000
                                     15.134         -5806.6093575000
                                    119.743           131.8406400000
                                    239.961          6003.1503825000
                                     25.053        473327.7964200000 )


\begintext


     North geomagnetic centered dipole:

           The north dipole location is time-varying. The values shown
           below, taken from [9], represent a discrete sampling of the
           north dipole location from 1945 to 2000. The terms DGRF and
           IGRF refer to, respectively, "Definitive Geomagnetic
           Reference Field" and "International Geomagnetic Reference
           Field."  See references [9] and [11] for details.

           Coordinates are planetocentric.

             Data source    Lat      Lon
             -----------   -----    ------
              DGRF 1945    78.47    291.47
              DGRF 1950    78.47    291.15
              DGRF 1955    78.46    290.84
              DGRF 1960    78.51    290.53
              DGRF 1965    78.53    290.15
              DGRF 1970    78.59    289.82
              DGRF 1975    78.69    289.53
              DGRF 1980    78.81    289.24
              DGRF 1985    78.97    289.10
              DGRF 1990    79.13    288.89
              IGRF 1995    79.30    288.59
              IGRF 2000    79.54    288.43

        Original values:

           Values are from [8]. Note the year of publication was 1971.

           body399_mag_north_pole_lon  =  ( -69.761 )
           body399_mag_north_pole_lat  =  (  78.565 )

        Previous values:

           body399_n_geomag_ctr_dipole_lon  =  ( 287.62 )
           body399_n_geomag_ctr_dipole_lat  =  (  80.13 )

        Current values:

           Values are given for the epoch 2023.0 and were derived
           by Nat Bachman from constants taken from IGRF-13. See [11].

\begindata

        BODY399_N_GEOMAG_CTR_DIPOLE_LON  =  ( 287.34 )
        BODY399_N_GEOMAG_CTR_DIPOLE_LAT  =  (  80.74 )

\begintext


Mars

     Old values:

        Values are from the 2009 IAU report.

        body499_pole_ra          = (  317.68143   -0.1061      0.  )
        body499_pole_dec         = (   52.88650   -0.0609      0.  )
        body499_pm               = (  176.630    350.89198226  0.  )

        body499_long_axis        = (  252.  )

        Below, the linear terms are scaled by 36525.0:

            -0.4357640000000000       -->     -15916.28010000000
          1128.409670000000           -->   41215163.19675000
            -1.8151000000000000E-02   -->       -662.9652750000000

        We also introduce a fourth nutation precession angle, which
        is the pi/2-complement of the third angle. This angle is used
        in computing the prime meridian location for Deimos. See the
        discussion of this angle below in the section containing orientation
        constants for Deimos.

        body4_nut_prec_angles  = (  169.51     -15916.2801
                                    192.93   41215163.19675
                                     53.47       -662.965275
                                     36.53        662.965275  )


     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY499_POLE_RA          = (  317.269202  -0.10927547        0.  )
        BODY499_POLE_DEC         = (   54.432516  -0.05827105        0.  )
        BODY499_PM               = (  176.049863  +350.891982443297  0.  )

        BODY499_NUT_PREC_RA      = (  0     0     0     0     0
                                      0     0     0     0     0
                                      0.000068
                                      0.000238
                                      0.000052
                                      0.000009
                                      0.419057                  )


        BODY499_NUT_PREC_DEC     = (  0     0     0     0     0
                                      0     0     0     0     0
                                      0     0     0     0     0
                                      0.000051
                                      0.000141
                                      0.000031
                                      0.000005
                                      1.591274                  )


        BODY499_NUT_PREC_PM      = (  0     0     0     0     0
                                      0     0     0     0     0
                                      0     0     0     0     0
                                      0     0     0     0     0
                                      0.000145
                                      0.000157
                                      0.000040
                                      0.000001
                                      0.000001
                                      0.584542                  )

\begintext

        SPICE support for quadratic phase angle polynomials
        was introduced in the N0067 Toolkit version. Older Toolkits
        cannot use the constants below. See the SPICE server at

           https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/

        for the file pck00011_n0066.tpc, which can be used with older
        Toolkits.

\begindata

        BODY4_MAX_PHASE_DEGREE = 2

        BODY4_NUT_PREC_ANGLES  = (

            190.72646643      15917.10818695   0
            21.46892470       31834.27934054   0
            332.86082793      19139.89694742   0
            394.93256437      38280.79631835   0
            189.63271560   41215158.18420050   12.711923222

            121.46893664        660.22803474   0
            231.05028581        660.99123540   0
            251.37314025       1320.50145245   0
            217.98635955      38279.96125550   0
            196.19729402      19139.83628608   0

            198.991226        19139.4819985    0
            226.292679        38280.8511281    0
            249.663391        57420.7251593    0
            266.183510        76560.6367950    0
            79.398797             0.5042615    0

            122.433576        19139.9407476    0
            43.058401         38280.8753272    0
            57.663379         57420.7517205    0
            79.476401         76560.6495004    0
            166.325722            0.5042615    0

            129.071773        19140.0328244    0
            36.352167         38281.0473591    0
            56.668646         57420.9295360    0
            67.364003         76560.2552215    0
            104.792680        95700.4387578    0
            95.391654             0.5042615    0 )

\begintext


Jupiter

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

        The number of nutation precession angles is 15. The ninth and
        tenth are twice the first and second, respectively. The
        eleventh through fifteenth correspond to angles JA-JE in
        the 2015 IAU report.

\begindata


        BODY599_POLE_RA        = (   268.056595     -0.006499       0. )
        BODY599_POLE_DEC       = (    64.495303      0.002413       0. )
        BODY599_PM             = (   284.95        870.5360000      0. )
        BODY599_LONG_AXIS      = (     0.                        )

        BODY599_NUT_PREC_RA  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.000117
                                                                0.000938
                                                                0.001432
                                                                0.000030
                                                                0.002150 )

        BODY599_NUT_PREC_DEC = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.000050
                                                                0.000404
                                                                0.000617
                                                               -0.000013
                                                                0.000926 )

        BODY599_NUT_PREC_PM  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.0
                                                                0.0
                                                                0.0
                                                                0.0
                                                                0.0  )


        BODY5_NUT_PREC_ANGLES  = (    73.32      91472.9
                                      24.62      45137.2
                                     283.90       4850.7
                                     355.80       1191.3
                                     119.90        262.1
                                     229.80         64.3
                                     352.25       2382.6
                                     113.35       6070.0
                                     146.64     182945.8
                                      49.24      90274.4
                                      99.360714   4850.4046
                                     175.895369   1191.9605
                                     300.323162    262.5475
                                     114.012305   6070.2476
                                      49.511251     64.3000  )
\begintext


Saturn

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY699_POLE_RA        = (    40.589    -0.036      0.  )
        BODY699_POLE_DEC       = (    83.537    -0.004      0.  )
        BODY699_PM             = (    38.90    810.7939024  0.  )
        BODY699_LONG_AXIS      = (     0.                       )

\begintext

        The first six angles given here are the angles S1
        through S6 from the 2015 IAU report; the seventh and
        eighth angles are 2*S1 and 2*S2, respectively.


\begindata

        BODY6_NUT_PREC_ANGLES  = (  353.32   75706.7
                                     28.72   75706.7
                                    177.40  -36505.5
                                    300.00   -7225.9
                                    316.45     506.2
                                    345.20   -1016.3
                                    706.64  151413.4
                                     57.44  151413.4  )
\begintext


Uranus

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY799_POLE_RA        = (  257.311     0.         0.  )
        BODY799_POLE_DEC       = (  -15.175     0.         0.  )
        BODY799_PM             = (  203.81   -501.1600928  0.  )
        BODY799_LONG_AXIS      = (    0.                       )

\begintext

        The first 16 angles given here are the angles U1
        through U16 from the 2000 report; the 17th and
        18th angles are 2*U11 and 2*U12, respectively.

\begindata

        BODY7_NUT_PREC_ANGLES  = (  115.75   54991.87
                                    141.69   41887.66
                                    135.03   29927.35
                                     61.77   25733.59
                                    249.32   24471.46
                                     43.86   22278.41
                                     77.66   20289.42
                                    157.36   16652.76
                                    101.81   12872.63
                                    138.64    8061.81
                                    102.23   -2024.22
                                    316.41    2863.96
                                    304.01     -51.94
                                    308.71     -93.17
                                    340.82     -75.32
                                    259.14    -504.81
                                    204.46   -4048.44
                                    632.82    5727.92     )

\begintext



Neptune

     Old values are from the 2009 IAU report:


           body899_pole_ra        = (  299.36     0.         0. )
           body899_pole_dec       = (   43.46     0.         0. )
           body899_pm             = (  253.18   536.3128492  0. )
           body899_long_axis      = (    0.                     )


           body899_nut_prec_ra    = (  0.70 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )
           body899_nut_prec_dec   = ( -0.51 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )
           body899_nut_prec_pm    = ( -0.48 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )


     Current values:

\begindata

           BODY899_POLE_RA        = (  299.36     0.         0. )
           BODY899_POLE_DEC       = (   43.46     0.         0. )
           BODY899_PM             = (  249.978  541.1397757  0. )
           BODY899_LONG_AXIS      = (    0.                     )


           BODY899_NUT_PREC_RA    = (  0.70 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )
           BODY899_NUT_PREC_DEC   = ( -0.51 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )
           BODY899_NUT_PREC_PM    = ( -0.48 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. )

\begintext

           The 2015 IAU report defines the nutation precession angles

              N, N1, N2, ... , N7

           and also uses the multiples of N1 and N7

              2*N1

           and

              2*N7, 3*N7, ..., 9*N7

           In this file, we treat the angles and their multiples as
           separate angles. In the kernel variable

              BODY8_NUT_PREC_ANGLES

           the order of the angles is

              N, N1, N2, ... , N7, 2*N1, 2*N7, 3*N7, ..., 9*N7

           Each angle is defined by a linear polynomial, so two
           consecutive array elements are allocated for each
           angle. The first term of each pair is the constant term,
           the second is the linear term.

\begindata

              BODY8_NUT_PREC_ANGLES = (   357.85         52.316
                                          323.92      62606.6
                                          220.51      55064.2
                                          354.27      46564.5
                                           75.31      26109.4
                                           35.36      14325.4
                                          142.61       2824.6
                                          177.85         52.316
                                          647.840    125213.200
                                          355.700       104.632
                                          533.550       156.948
                                          711.400       209.264
                                          889.250       261.580
                                         1067.100       313.896
                                         1244.950       366.212
                                         1422.800       418.528
                                         1600.650       470.844   )

\begintext




Orientation Constants for the Dwarf Planet Pluto
--------------------------------------------------------

Pluto

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY999_POLE_RA        = (  132.993   0.          0. )
        BODY999_POLE_DEC       = (   -6.163   0.          0. )
        BODY999_PM             = (  302.695   56.3625225  0. )
        BODY999_LONG_AXIS      = (    0.                     )

\begintext




Orientation constants for the satellites
--------------------------------------------------------


Satellites of Earth

     Old values:

        The values shown below are those from the 2009 IAU report. The 2015
        report does not provide orientation data for the Earth or Moon.

\begindata


        BODY301_POLE_RA      = (  269.9949        0.0031        0.      )
        BODY301_POLE_DEC     = (   66.5392        0.0130        0.      )
        BODY301_PM           = (   38.3213       13.17635815   -1.4D-12 )
        BODY301_LONG_AXIS    = (    0.                                  )

        BODY301_NUT_PREC_RA  = (   -3.8787   -0.1204   0.0700   -0.0172
                                    0.0       0.0072   0.0       0.0
                                    0.0      -0.0052   0.0       0.0
                                    0.0043                              )

        BODY301_NUT_PREC_DEC = (   1.5419     0.0239  -0.0278    0.0068
                                   0.0       -0.0029   0.0009    0.0
                                   0.0        0.0008   0.0       0.0
                                  -0.0009                               )

        BODY301_NUT_PREC_PM  = (   3.5610     0.1208  -0.0642    0.0158
                                   0.0252    -0.0066  -0.0047   -0.0046
                                   0.0028     0.0052   0.0040    0.0019
                                  -0.0044                               )
\begintext



Satellites of Mars


     Phobos

          Old values are from the 2009 IAU report.


          body401_pole_ra  = ( 317.68    -0.108     0.                     )
          body401_pole_dec = (  52.90    -0.061     0.                     )
          body401_pm       = (  35.06  1128.8445850 6.6443009930565219e-09 )

          body401_long_axis     = (    0.   )

          body401_nut_prec_ra   = (   1.79    0.    0.   0. )
          body401_nut_prec_dec  = (  -1.08    0.    0.   0. )
          body401_nut_prec_pm   = (  -1.42   -0.78  0.   0. )

            The quadratic prime meridian term is scaled by 1/36525**2:

               8.864000000000000   --->   6.6443009930565219E-09


          Current values:

            Values from the 2015 IAU report [1] were corrected by [2], which
            is used as the source for the data below.

            The quadratic prime meridian term is scaled by 1/36525**2:

               12.72192797000000000000   --->  9.536137031212154e-09

\begindata

          BODY401_POLE_RA  = ( 317.67071657    -0.10844326  0. )
          BODY401_POLE_DEC = (  52.88627266    -0.06134706  0. )
          BODY401_PM       = (  35.18774440  1128.84475928
                                9.536137031212154e-09 )

          BODY401_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.   )

          BODY401_NUT_PREC_RA   = (  -1.78428399
                                      0.02212824
                                     -0.01028251
                                     -0.00475595  )



          BODY401_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (  -1.07516537
                                      0.00668626
                                     -0.00648740
                                      0.00281576  )


          BODY401_NUT_PREC_PM   = (   1.42421769
                                     -0.02273783
                                      0.00410711
                                      0.00631964
                                     -1.143      )

\begintext


     Deimos

        Old values:

           Values are from the 2009 IAU report.


           The Deimos prime meridian expression from that report is:


                                                     2
              W = 79.41  +  285.1618970 d  -  0.520 T  -  2.58 sin M
                                                                    3

                                                       +  0.19 cos M .
                                                                    3

           At the present time, the PCK kernel software (the routine
           BODEUL in particular) cannot handle the cosine term directly,
           but we can represent it as

              0.19 sin M
                        4

           where

              M   =  90.D0 - M
               4              3

           Therefore, the old nutation precession angle assignments for Phobos
           and Deimos contain four coefficients rather than three.

           The quadratic prime meridian term is scaled by 1/36525**2:

              -0.5200000000000000  --->   -3.8978300049519307E-10


           body402_pole_ra       = (  316.65     -0.108       0.           )
           body402_pole_dec      = (   53.52     -0.061       0.           )
           body402_pm            = (   79.41    285.1618970  -3.897830d-10 )
           body402_long_axis     = (    0.                                 )

           body402_nut_prec_ra   = (    0.   0.   2.98    0.   )
           body402_nut_prec_dec  = (    0.   0.  -1.78    0.   )
           body402_nut_prec_pm   = (    0.   0.  -2.58    0.19 )


        New values:

\begindata

           BODY402_POLE_RA       = (  316.65705808     -0.10518014      0. )
           BODY402_POLE_DEC      = (   53.50992033     -0.05979094      0. )

           BODY402_PM            = (   79.39932954    285.16188899      0. )
           BODY402_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                                 )

           BODY402_NUT_PREC_RA   = (    0    0    0    0    0
                                        3.09217726
                                        0.22980637
                                        0.06418655
                                        0.02533537
                                        0.00778695       )


           BODY402_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (    0    0    0    0    0
                                        1.83936004
                                        0.14325320
                                        0.01911409
                                       -0.01482590
                                        0.00192430       )


           BODY402_NUT_PREC_PM   = (    0    0    0    0    0
                                       -2.73954829
                                       -0.39968606
                                       -0.06563259
                                       -0.02912940
                                        0.01699160  )


\begintext


Satellites of Jupiter


     Io

          Old values:

             Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

          Current values:

\begindata

        BODY501_POLE_RA       = (  268.05          -0.009      0. )
        BODY501_POLE_DEC      = (   64.50           0.003      0. )
        BODY501_PM            = (  200.39         203.4889538  0. )
        BODY501_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                           )

        BODY501_NUT_PREC_RA   = (    0.   0.     0.094    0.024   )
        BODY501_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (    0.   0.     0.040    0.011   )
        BODY501_NUT_PREC_PM   = (    0.   0.    -0.085   -0.022   )

\begintext



     Europa


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

        BODY502_POLE_RA       = (  268.08          -0.009      0.   )
        BODY502_POLE_DEC      = (   64.51           0.003      0.   )
        BODY502_PM            = (   36.022        101.3747235  0.   )
        BODY502_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                             )

        BODY502_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0. 0.   1.086   0.060   0.015   0.009 )
        BODY502_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0. 0.   0.468   0.026   0.007   0.002 )
        BODY502_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0. 0.  -0.980  -0.054  -0.014  -0.008 )

\begintext


     Ganymede

        Old values:

             Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

        BODY503_POLE_RA       = (  268.20         -0.009       0.  )
        BODY503_POLE_DEC      = (   64.57          0.003       0.  )
        BODY503_PM            = (   44.064        50.3176081   0.  )
        BODY503_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                            )

        BODY503_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0. 0.  -0.037   0.431   0.091   )
        BODY503_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0. 0.  -0.016   0.186   0.039   )
        BODY503_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0. 0.   0.033  -0.389  -0.082   )

\begintext


     Callisto

        Old values:

             Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:


\begindata

        BODY504_POLE_RA       = (   268.72    -0.009       0.  )
        BODY504_POLE_DEC      = (    64.83     0.003       0.  )
        BODY504_PM            = (   259.51    21.5710715   0.  )
        BODY504_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                       )

        BODY504_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0.  -0.068   0.590  0.   0.010 )
        BODY504_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0.  -0.029   0.254  0.  -0.004 )
        BODY504_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.061  -0.533  0.  -0.009 )

\begintext


     Amalthea


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

        BODY505_POLE_RA       = (   268.05    -0.009      0.  )
        BODY505_POLE_DEC      = (    64.49     0.003      0.  )
        BODY505_PM            = (   231.67   722.6314560  0.  )
        BODY505_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                      )

        BODY505_NUT_PREC_RA  = ( -0.84  0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.01  0. )
        BODY505_NUT_PREC_DEC = ( -0.36  0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.    0. )
        BODY505_NUT_PREC_PM  = (  0.76  0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  -0.01  0. )

\begintext


     Thebe


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

        BODY514_POLE_RA       = (  268.05     -0.009       0.  )
        BODY514_POLE_DEC      = (   64.49      0.003       0.  )
        BODY514_PM            = (    8.56    533.7004100   0.  )
        BODY514_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                        )

        BODY514_NUT_PREC_RA  = ( 0.  -2.11  0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.04 )
        BODY514_NUT_PREC_DEC = ( 0.  -0.91  0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.01 )
        BODY514_NUT_PREC_PM  = ( 0.   1.91  0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. -0.04 )

\begintext


     Adrastea

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

        BODY515_POLE_RA       = (  268.05     -0.009       0.  )
        BODY515_POLE_DEC      = (   64.49      0.003       0.  )
        BODY515_PM            = (   33.29   1206.9986602   0.  )
        BODY515_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                        )

\begintext


     Metis

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

        BODY516_POLE_RA       = (  268.05     -0.009       0.  )
        BODY516_POLE_DEC      = (   64.49      0.003       0.  )
        BODY516_PM            = (  346.09   1221.2547301   0.  )
        BODY516_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                        )

\begintext



Satellites of Saturn


     Mimas

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY601_POLE_RA       = (   40.66     -0.036      0.  )
           BODY601_POLE_DEC      = (   83.52     -0.004      0.  )
           BODY601_PM            = (  333.46    381.9945550  0.  )
           BODY601_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                      )

           BODY601_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0.   13.56  0.    0.    0. 0. 0.  )
           BODY601_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0.   -1.53  0.    0.    0. 0. 0.  )
           BODY601_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0.  -13.48  0.  -44.85  0. 0. 0.  )

\begintext


     Enceladus


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY602_POLE_RA       = (   40.66    -0.036       0. )
           BODY602_POLE_DEC      = (   83.52    -0.004       0. )
           BODY602_PM            = (    6.32   262.7318996   0. )
           BODY602_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                      )

\begintext



     Tethys


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY603_POLE_RA       = (   40.66    -0.036       0. )
           BODY603_POLE_DEC      = (   83.52    -0.004       0. )
           BODY603_PM            = (    8.95   190.6979085   0. )
           BODY603_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                      )

           BODY603_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0. 0.   9.66   0.    0.  0.  0. )
           BODY603_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0. 0.  -1.09   0.    0.  0.  0. )
           BODY603_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0. 0.  -9.60   2.23  0.  0.  0. )

\begintext


     Dione


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY604_POLE_RA       = (  40.66      -0.036      0.  )
           BODY604_POLE_DEC      = (  83.52      -0.004      0.  )
           BODY604_PM            = (  357.6     131.5349316  0.  )
           BODY604_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                       )

\begintext



     Rhea


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY605_POLE_RA       = (   40.38   -0.036       0. )
           BODY605_POLE_DEC      = (   83.55   -0.004       0. )
           BODY605_PM            = (  235.16   79.6900478   0. )
           BODY605_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                     )

           BODY605_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   3.10   0. 0. )
           BODY605_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  -0.35   0. 0. )
           BODY605_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  -3.08   0. 0. )

\begintext



     Titan


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

              Note removal of dependence on the nutation precession
              angles.

\begindata

           BODY606_POLE_RA       = (    39.4827    0.         0. )
           BODY606_POLE_DEC      = (    83.4279    0.         0. )
           BODY606_PM            = (   186.5855   22.5769768  0. )
           BODY606_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                      )

           BODY606_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0 )
           BODY606_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0 )
           BODY606_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0 )

\begintext



     Hyperion

         The IAU report does not give an orientation model for Hyperion.
         Hyperion's rotation is in chaotic and is not predictable for
         long periods.


     Iapetus


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY608_POLE_RA       = (   318.16  -3.949      0.  )
           BODY608_POLE_DEC      = (    75.03  -1.143      0.  )
           BODY608_PM            = (   355.2    4.5379572  0.  )
           BODY608_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                    )

\begintext



     Phoebe


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY609_POLE_RA       = ( 356.90       0.         0.  )
           BODY609_POLE_DEC      = (  77.80       0.         0.  )
           BODY609_PM            = ( 178.58     931.639      0.  )
           BODY609_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                       )

\begintext


     Janus


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY610_POLE_RA       = (  40.58    -0.036       0. )
           BODY610_POLE_DEC      = (  83.52    -0.004       0. )
           BODY610_PM            = (  58.83   518.2359876   0. )
           BODY610_LONG_AXIS     = (   0.                      )

           BODY610_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. -1.623  0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.023 )
           BODY610_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. -0.183  0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.001 )
           BODY610_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0.  1.613  0. 0. 0. 0. 0. -0.023 )

\begintext



     Epimetheus


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY611_POLE_RA       = (  40.58    -0.036        0. )
           BODY611_POLE_DEC      = (  83.52    -0.004        0. )
           BODY611_PM            = ( 293.87   518.4907239    0. )
           BODY611_LONG_AXIS     = (   0.                       )

           BODY611_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( -3.153   0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.086  0. )
           BODY611_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( -0.356   0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.005  0. )
           BODY611_NUT_PREC_PM   = (  3.133   0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  -0.086  0. )

\begintext



     Helene


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY612_POLE_RA       = (  40.85     -0.036        0. )
           BODY612_POLE_DEC      = (  83.34     -0.004        0. )
           BODY612_PM            = ( 245.12    131.6174056    0. )
           BODY612_LONG_AXIS     = (   0.                        )

\begintext



     Telesto


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY613_POLE_RA       = ( 50.51    -0.036      0.  )
           BODY613_POLE_DEC      = ( 84.06    -0.004      0.  )
           BODY613_PM            = ( 56.88   190.6979332  0.  )
           BODY613_LONG_AXIS     = (  0.                      )

\begintext



     Calypso


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY614_POLE_RA       = (   36.41    -0.036        0.  )
           BODY614_POLE_DEC      = (   85.04    -0.004        0.  )
           BODY614_PM            = (  153.51   190.6742373    0.  )
           BODY614_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                        )

\begintext



     Atlas


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY615_POLE_RA       = (   40.58     -0.036      0. )
           BODY615_POLE_DEC      = (   83.53     -0.004      0. )
           BODY615_PM            = (  137.88    598.3060000  0. )
           BODY615_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                      )

\begintext



     Prometheus


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY616_POLE_RA       = (  40.58      -0.036    )
           BODY616_POLE_DEC      = (  83.53      -0.004    )
           BODY616_PM            = ( 296.14     587.289000 )
           BODY616_LONG_AXIS     = (   0.                  )

\begintext



     Pandora


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY617_POLE_RA       = (   40.58     -0.036      0.  )
           BODY617_POLE_DEC      = (   83.53     -0.004      0.  )
           BODY617_PM            = (  162.92    572.7891000  0.  )
           BODY617_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                      )

\begintext



     Pan


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY618_POLE_RA       = (   40.6     -0.036       0. )
           BODY618_POLE_DEC      = (   83.5     -0.004       0. )
           BODY618_PM            = (   48.8    626.0440000   0. )
           BODY618_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                      )

\begintext





Satellites of Uranus



     Ariel

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY701_POLE_RA       = ( 257.43     0.          0. )
           BODY701_POLE_DEC      = ( -15.10     0.          0. )
           BODY701_PM            = ( 156.22  -142.8356681   0. )
           BODY701_LONG_AXIS     = (   0.                      )

           BODY701_NUT_PREC_RA   = (  0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                      0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.    0.    0.29 )

           BODY701_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (  0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                      0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.    0.    0.28 )

           BODY701_NUT_PREC_PM   = (  0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                      0. 0. 0. 0. 0.  0.   0.05   0.08 )
\begintext



     Umbriel

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

\begindata

           BODY702_POLE_RA       = (  257.43     0.          0. )
           BODY702_POLE_DEC      = (  -15.10     0.          0. )
           BODY702_PM            = (  108.05   -86.8688923   0. )
           BODY702_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                      )

           BODY702_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.   0.    0.   0.21 )

           BODY702_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.   0.    0.   0.20 )

           BODY702_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.  -0.09  0.   0.06 )

\begintext



     Titania

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY703_POLE_RA       = (  257.43    0.          0. )
           BODY703_POLE_DEC      = (  -15.10    0.          0. )
           BODY703_PM            = (   77.74  -41.3514316   0. )
           BODY703_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                     )

           BODY703_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0. 0. 0. 0.   0.29 )

           BODY703_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0. 0. 0. 0.   0.28 )

           BODY703_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0. 0. 0. 0.   0.08 )
\begintext



     Oberon

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY704_POLE_RA       = (  257.43    0.          0. )
           BODY704_POLE_DEC      = (  -15.10    0.          0. )
           BODY704_PM            = (    6.77  -26.7394932   0. )
           BODY704_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                     )


           BODY704_NUT_PREC_RA   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.16 )

           BODY704_NUT_PREC_DEC  = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.16 )

           BODY704_NUT_PREC_PM   = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
                                     0. 0. 0. 0. 0.   0.04 )
\begintext



     Miranda

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY705_POLE_RA      = (  257.43     0.         0. )
           BODY705_POLE_DEC     = (  -15.08     0.         0. )
           BODY705_PM           = (   30.70  -254.6906892  0. )
           BODY705_LONG_AXIS    = (    0.                     )

           BODY705_NUT_PREC_RA  = ( 0.     0.     0.    0.    0.
                                    0.     0.     0.    0.    0.
                                    4.41   0.     0.    0.    0.
                                    0.    -0.04   0.             )

           BODY705_NUT_PREC_DEC = ( 0.     0.     0.    0.    0.
                                    0.     0.     0.    0.    0.
                                    4.25   0.     0.    0.    0.
                                    0.    -0.02   0.             )

           BODY705_NUT_PREC_PM  = ( 0.     0.     0.    0.    0.
                                    0.     0.     0.    0.    0.
                                    1.15  -1.27   0.    0.    0.
                                    0.    -0.09   0.15           )
\begintext



     Cordelia

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY706_POLE_RA      = (   257.31      0.         0.  )
           BODY706_POLE_DEC     = (   -15.18      0.         0.  )
           BODY706_PM           = (   127.69  -1074.5205730  0.  )
           BODY706_LONG_AXIS    = (     0.                       )

           BODY706_NUT_PREC_RA  = (   -0.15    0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.             )

           BODY706_NUT_PREC_DEC = (    0.14    0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.             )

           BODY706_NUT_PREC_PM  = (   -0.04    0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.             )

\begintext



     Ophelia


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY707_POLE_RA      = (  257.31     0.         0. )
           BODY707_POLE_DEC     = (  -15.18     0.         0. )
           BODY707_PM           = (  130.35  -956.4068150  0. )
           BODY707_LONG_AXIS    = (    0.                     )

           BODY707_NUT_PREC_RA  = (    0.     -0.09   0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.             )

           BODY707_NUT_PREC_DEC = (    0.      0.09   0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.             )

           BODY707_NUT_PREC_PM  = (    0.     -0.03   0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.             )

\begintext



     Bianca

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY708_POLE_RA      = (  257.31     0.         0.  )
           BODY708_POLE_DEC     = (  -15.18     0.         0.  )
           BODY708_PM           = (  105.46  -828.3914760  0.  )
           BODY708_LONG_AXIS    = (    0.                      )

           BODY708_NUT_PREC_RA  = (    0.      0.    -0.16    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.               )

           BODY708_NUT_PREC_DEC = (    0.      0.     0.16    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.               )

           BODY708_NUT_PREC_PM  = (    0.      0.    -0.04    0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.    0.
                                       0.      0.     0.               )

\begintext



     Cressida

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata


           BODY709_POLE_RA      = (  257.31      0.          0.  )
           BODY709_POLE_DEC     = (  -15.18      0.          0.  )
           BODY709_PM           = (   59.16   -776.5816320   0.  )
           BODY709_LONG_AXIS    = (    0.                        )


           BODY709_NUT_PREC_RA  = (    0.      0.     0.     -0.04   0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                       0.      0.     0.                )


           BODY709_NUT_PREC_DEC = (    0.      0.     0.      0.04   0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                       0.      0.     0.                )


           BODY709_NUT_PREC_PM  = (    0.      0.     0.     -0.01   0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                       0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                       0.      0.     0.                )


\begintext



     Desdemona

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY710_POLE_RA      = ( 257.31      0.           0.  )
           BODY710_POLE_DEC     = ( -15.18      0.           0.  )
           BODY710_PM           = (  95.08   -760.0531690    0.  )
           BODY710_LONG_AXIS    = (   0.                         )

           BODY710_NUT_PREC_RA  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.    -0.17
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                  )

           BODY710_NUT_PREC_DEC = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.16
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                  )

           BODY710_NUT_PREC_PM  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.    -0.04
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                 )

\begintext



     Juliet

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY711_POLE_RA      = (  257.31     0.           0.   )
           BODY711_POLE_DEC     = (  -15.18     0.           0.   )
           BODY711_PM           = (  302.56  -730.1253660    0.   )
           BODY711_LONG_AXIS    = (    0.                         )

           BODY711_NUT_PREC_RA  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                     -0.06    0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                 )

           BODY711_NUT_PREC_DEC = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.06    0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                 )

           BODY711_NUT_PREC_PM  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                     -0.02    0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                 )

\begintext



     Portia

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY712_POLE_RA      = (  257.31      0.           0.   )
           BODY712_POLE_DEC     = (  -15.18      0.           0.   )
           BODY712_PM           = (   25.03   -701.4865870    0.   )
           BODY712_LONG_AXIS    = (    0.                          )

           BODY712_NUT_PREC_RA  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.     -0.09   0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                )

           BODY712_NUT_PREC_DEC = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.09   0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.               )

           BODY712_NUT_PREC_PM  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.     -0.02   0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.               )

\begintext



     Rosalind

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY713_POLE_RA      = ( 257.31      0.          0.  )
           BODY713_POLE_DEC     = ( -15.18      0.          0.  )
           BODY713_PM           = ( 314.90   -644.6311260   0.  )
           BODY713_LONG_AXIS    = (   0.                        )

           BODY713_NUT_PREC_RA  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.    -0.29    0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.               )

           BODY713_NUT_PREC_DEC = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.28    0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.              )

           BODY713_NUT_PREC_PM  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.    -0.08    0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.              )

\begintext



     Belinda

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY714_POLE_RA      = (   257.31      0.         0. )
           BODY714_POLE_DEC     = (   -15.18      0.         0. )
           BODY714_PM           = (   297.46   -577.3628170  0. )
           BODY714_LONG_AXIS    = (     0.                      )

           BODY714_NUT_PREC_RA  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.     -0.03   0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                )

           BODY714_NUT_PREC_DEC = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.03   0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                )

           BODY714_NUT_PREC_PM  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.     -0.01   0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                )
\begintext



     Puck

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY715_POLE_RA      = (  257.31      0.         0.  )
           BODY715_POLE_DEC     = (  -15.18      0.         0.  )
           BODY715_PM           = (   91.24   -472.5450690  0.  )
           BODY715_LONG_AXIS    = (    0.                       )

           BODY715_NUT_PREC_RA  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.    -0.33
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                  )

           BODY715_NUT_PREC_DEC = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.31
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                  )

           BODY715_NUT_PREC_PM  = (   0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.    -0.09
                                      0.      0.     0.      0.     0.
                                      0.      0.     0.                  )

\begintext




Satellites of Neptune


     Triton

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY801_POLE_RA       = ( 299.36     0.         0.  )
           BODY801_POLE_DEC      = (  41.17     0.         0.  )
           BODY801_PM            = ( 296.53   -61.2572637  0.  )
           BODY801_LONG_AXIS     = (   0.                      )


           BODY801_NUT_PREC_RA   = (  0.      0.      0.      0.
                                      0.      0.      0.    -32.35
                                      0.     -6.28   -2.08   -0.74
                                     -0.28   -0.11   -0.07   -0.02
                                     -0.01                         )


           BODY801_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (  0.      0.      0.      0.
                                      0.      0.      0.     22.55
                                      0.      2.10    0.55    0.16
                                      0.05    0.02    0.01    0.
                                      0.                           )


           BODY801_NUT_PREC_PM   = (  0.      0.      0.      0.
                                      0.      0.      0.     22.25
                                      0.      6.73    2.05    0.74
                                      0.28    0.11    0.05    0.02
                                      0.01                         )

\begintext




     Nereid

        Old values:

           The 2009 IAU report [3] states that values for Nereid are not
           given because Nereid is not in synchronous rotation with Neptune
           (notes following table 2).

        Current values:

           The 2015 IAU report does not provide values for Nereid.

     Naiad

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY803_POLE_RA       = (  299.36      0.          0.  )
           BODY803_POLE_DEC      = (   43.36      0.          0.  )
           BODY803_PM            = (  254.06  +1222.8441209   0.  )
           BODY803_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                        )


           BODY803_NUT_PREC_RA   = (    0.70     -6.49     0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.25      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                            )

           BODY803_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (   -0.51     -4.75     0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.09      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                            )

           BODY803_NUT_PREC_PM   = (   -0.48      4.40     0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                       -0.27      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                            )

\begintext


     Thalassa


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY804_POLE_RA       = (  299.36      0.          0. )
           BODY804_POLE_DEC      = (   43.45      0.          0. )
           BODY804_PM            = (  102.06   1155.7555612   0. )
           BODY804_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                       )


           BODY804_NUT_PREC_RA   = (    0.70      0.      -0.28    0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                             )


           BODY804_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (   -0.51      0.      -0.21    0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                             )

           BODY804_NUT_PREC_PM   = (   -0.48      0.       0.19    0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                             )

\begintext


     Despina

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY805_POLE_RA       = (  299.36      0.          0. )
           BODY805_POLE_DEC      = (   43.45      0.          0. )
           BODY805_PM            = (  306.51  +1075.7341562   0. )
           BODY805_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                       )


           BODY805_NUT_PREC_RA   = (    0.70      0.       0.     -0.09
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                              )

           BODY805_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (   -0.51      0.       0.     -0.07
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                              )

           BODY805_NUT_PREC_PM   = (   -0.49      0.       0.      0.06
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                              )
\begintext



     Galatea


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:


\begindata

           BODY806_POLE_RA       = (   299.36      0.          0. )
           BODY806_POLE_DEC      = (    43.43      0.          0. )
           BODY806_PM            = (   258.09    839.6597686   0. )
           BODY806_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                       )


           BODY806_NUT_PREC_RA   = (    0.70      0.       0.      0.
                                       -0.07      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                             )

           BODY806_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (   -0.51      0.       0.      0.
                                       -0.05      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                             )

           BODY806_NUT_PREC_PM   = (   -0.48      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.05      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                             )
\begintext


     Larissa


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY807_POLE_RA       = (   299.36     0.           0. )
           BODY807_POLE_DEC      = (    43.41     0.           0. )
           BODY807_PM            = (   179.41  +649.0534470    0. )
           BODY807_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                       )


           BODY807_NUT_PREC_RA   = (    0.70      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.       -0.27     0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                            )

           BODY807_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (   -0.51      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.       -0.20     0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                            )

           BODY807_NUT_PREC_PM   = (   -0.48      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.19     0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                            )
\begintext



     Proteus


        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY808_POLE_RA       = (  299.27      0.          0.  )
           BODY808_POLE_DEC      = (   42.91      0.          0.  )
           BODY808_PM            = (   93.38   +320.7654228   0.  )
           BODY808_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                        )


           BODY808_NUT_PREC_RA   = (    0.70      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.      -0.05    0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                             )

           BODY808_NUT_PREC_DEC  = (   -0.51      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.      -0.04    0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                             )

           BODY808_NUT_PREC_PM   = (   -0.48      0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.04    0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.        0.       0.      0.
                                        0.                             )

\begintext





Satellites of Pluto

     Charon

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY901_POLE_RA       = (   132.993    0.         0. )
           BODY901_POLE_DEC      = (    -6.163    0.         0. )
           BODY901_PM            = (   122.695   56.3625225  0. )
           BODY901_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                     )

\begintext



Orientation constants for Selected Comets and Asteroids
--------------------------------------------------------



Ceres

        Old values are from the 2009 IAU report.

           body2000001_pole_ra       = (   291.       0.         0.  )
           body2000001_pole_dec      = (    59.       0.         0.  )
           body2000001_pm            = (   170.90   952.1532     0.  )
           body2000001_long_axis     = (     0.                      )


        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY2000001_POLE_RA       = (   291.418    0.         0.  )
           BODY2000001_POLE_DEC      = (    66.764    0.         0.  )
           BODY2000001_PM            = (   170.650  952.1532     0.  )
           BODY2000001_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                      )

\begintext



Pallas

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY2000002_POLE_RA       = (    33.       0.         0.  )
           BODY2000002_POLE_DEC      = (    -3.       0.         0.  )
           BODY2000002_PM            = (    38.    1105.8036     0.  )
           BODY2000002_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                      )

\begintext



Vesta

        Old values:

           Values are from the 2009 IAU report.

           body2000004_pole_ra       = (   305.8     0.         0.  )
           body2000004_pole_dec      = (    41.4     0.         0.  )
           body2000004_pm            = (   292.   1617.332776   0.  )
           body2000004_long_axis     = (     0.                     )

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY2000004_POLE_RA       = (   309.031   0.         0.  )
           BODY2000004_POLE_DEC      = (    42.235   0.         0.  )
           BODY2000004_PM            = (   285.39 1617.3329428  0.  )
           BODY2000004_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                     )

\begintext



52 Europa (asteroid)


        Current values:

           Values are provided for the first time in the 2015 IAU report.

\begindata

           BODY2000052_POLE_RA       = (   257.0     0.         0.  )
           BODY2000052_POLE_DEC      = (    12.0     0.         0.  )
           BODY2000052_PM            = (    55.0  1534.6472187  0.  )
           BODY2000052_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                     )

\begintext



Lutetia

        Old values:

           Values are from the 2009 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY2000021_POLE_RA       = (    52.       0.         0.  )
           BODY2000021_POLE_DEC      = (    12.       0.         0.  )
           BODY2000021_PM            = (    94.    1057.7515     0.  )
           BODY2000021_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                      )

\begintext



Ida

        Old values are from the 2009 IAU report.

           body2431010_pole_ra       = (  168.76      0.         0. )
           body2431010_pole_dec      = (   -2.88      0.         0. )
           body2431010_pm            = (  274.05  +1864.6280070  0. )
           body2431010_long_axis     = (    0.                      )

           The PM constant W0 is from [4].


        Current values:


\begindata

           BODY2431010_POLE_RA       = (  168.76      0.         0. )
           BODY2431010_POLE_DEC      = (  -87.12      0.         0. )
           BODY2431010_PM            = (  274.05  +1864.6280070  0. )
           BODY2431010_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                      )

\begintext



Eros

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY2000433_POLE_RA       = (   11.35       0.           0. )
           BODY2000433_POLE_DEC      = (   17.22       0.           0. )
           BODY2000433_PM            = (  326.07    1639.38864745   0. )
           BODY2000433_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                         )

\begintext



Davida

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY2000511_POLE_RA       = (  297.        0.           0. )
           BODY2000511_POLE_DEC      = (    5.        0.           0. )
           BODY2000511_PM            = (  268.1    1684.4193549    0. )
           BODY2000511_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                        )

\begintext



Gaspra

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY9511010_POLE_RA       = (   9.47     0.         0. )
           BODY9511010_POLE_DEC      = (  26.70     0.         0. )
           BODY9511010_PM            = (  83.67  1226.9114850  0. )
           BODY9511010_LONG_AXIS     = (   0.                     )

\begintext



Steins

        Old values are from the 2009 IAU report.

           body2002867_pole_ra       = (  90.        0.        0. )
           body2002867_pole_dec      = ( -62.        0.        0. )
           body2002867_pm            = (  93.94   1428.852332  0. )
           body2002867_long_axis     = (   0.                     )

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY2002867_POLE_RA       = (  91.        0.        0. )
           BODY2002867_POLE_DEC      = ( -62.        0.        0. )
           BODY2002867_PM            = ( 321.76   1428.09917   0. )
           BODY2002867_LONG_AXIS     = (   0.                     )

\begintext



Itokawa

        Old values:

           Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

        Current values:

\begindata

           BODY2025143_POLE_RA       = (   90.53       0.           0. )
           BODY2025143_POLE_DEC      = (  -66.30       0.           0. )
           BODY2025143_PM            = (  000.0      712.143        0. )
           BODY2025143_LONG_AXIS     = (    0.                         )

\begintext



9P/Tempel 1


        Old values are from the 2009 IAU report.

           body1000093_pole_ra       = (   294.       0.         0.  )
           body1000093_pole_dec      = (    73.       0.         0.  )
           body1000093_pm            = (   252.63   212.064      0.  )
           body1000093_long_axis     = (     0.                      )

        Current values:

           Values are from the 2015 IAU report [1].

           Two sets of prime meridian values are given in [1]: one
           for the epoch of the Deep Impact mission's impactor's
           collision with the comet, and one for the epoch of the
           Stardust NExT closest approach.

           Deep Impact:

               Epoch: 2005-07-04 05:45:38.4 TDB
                      2453555.740027 JD TDB

                            .                       2    2               2
               W = 109.7,   W = 211.849 deg/day,   d W/dt = 0.024 deg/day

           Stardust NExT:

               Epoch: 2011-02-15 04:40:18.6 TDB
                      2455607.694660 JD TDB

                           .
               W = 69.2,   W = 212.807 deg/day

        The values of W shown above are the prime meridian angles at
        the respective epochs.

        Prime meridian data below are those associated with the epoch of the
        Stardust NExT closest approach.

        Pole direction data are the same for both epochs.

\begindata

           BODY1000093_POLE_RA       = (   255.       0.         0.  )
           BODY1000093_POLE_DEC      = (    64.5      0.         0.  )
           BODY1000093_PM            = (    69.2    212.807      0.  )
           BODY1000093_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                      )

           BODY1000093_CONSTANTS_JED_EPOCH = 2455607.694660

\begintext



19P/Borrelly

        Old values:

           body1000005_pole_ra       = (   218.5      0.         0.  )
           body1000005_pole_dec      = (   -12.5      0.         0.  )
           body1000005_pm            = (   000.     390.0        0.  )
           body1000005_long_axis     = (     0.                      )

        Current values:

           The 2015 IAU report does not cite a value for W0, so a
           complete orientation model based on that source is not
           available. Data are provided here for backward compatibility
           with pck00010.tpc.

           The W0 value was set to zero in that file and so is
           zero here.

\begindata

           BODY1000005_POLE_RA       = (   218.5      0.         0.  )
           BODY1000005_POLE_DEC      = (   -12.5      0.         0.  )
           BODY1000005_PM            = (   000.     324.3        0.  )
           BODY1000005_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                      )

\begintext



67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko


        Current values:

           Values are provided for the first time in the 2015 IAU report.

           The time range associated with the rotation model is

              2014 MAR 3 : 2014 SEP 3

           The reference epoch of the rotational elements is J2000.

\begindata

           BODY1000012_POLE_RA       = (    69.54      0.           0.  )
           BODY1000012_POLE_DEC      = (    64.11      0.           0.  )
           BODY1000012_PM            = (   114.69    696.543884683  0.  )
           BODY1000012_LONG_AXIS     = (     0.                         )

\begintext



103P/Hartley 2


        Current values:

           Values are provided for the first time in the 2015 IAU report.

           The 2015 IAU report provides only right ascension and
           declination values for body axes at the epoch of the EPOXI
           closest approach. The Z-axis is the long axis. The report
           uses the symbols alpha and delta to denote right ascension
           and declination respectively.

               Epoch: 2010-11-04 14:00:53.9 TDB
                      JD 2455505.083957 TDB


               alpha  = 285.1 deg.   delta  = -31.8 deg.
                    X                     X

               alpha  = 350.4 deg.   delta  = 34.4 deg.
                    Y                     Y

               alpha  = 226.1 deg.   delta  = 39.4 deg.
                    Z                     Z




Radii of Sun and Planets
--------------------------------------------------------


Sun

     Old values:

        Values are from the 2009 IAU report.

           body10_radii      = (  696000.  696000.  696000.  )


\begindata

        BODY10_RADII      = (  695700.  695700.  695700.  )

\begintext


Mercury

     Old values:

        Values are from the 2009 IAU report.

        body199_radii     = ( 2439.7   2439.7   2439.7 )


     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY199_RADII     = ( 2440.53  2440.53  2438.26 )

\begintext


Venus

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY299_RADII     = ( 6051.8   6051.8   6051.8 )

\begintext


Earth

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY399_RADII     = ( 6378.1366   6378.1366   6356.7519 )

\begintext


Mars


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

        The 2015 IAU report gives separate values for the north and
        south polar radii:

           north:  3373.19
           south:  3379.21

        The report provides the average of these values as well,
        which we use as the polar radius for the triaxial model.

\begindata

        BODY499_RADII       = ( 3396.19   3396.19   3376.20 )

\begintext



Jupiter

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY599_RADII     = ( 71492   71492   66854 )

\begintext



Saturn

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY699_RADII     = ( 60268   60268   54364 )

\begintext



Uranus

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY799_RADII     = ( 25559   25559   24973 )

\begintext



Neptune

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

        (Values are for the 1 bar pressure level.)

\begindata

        BODY899_RADII     = ( 24764   24764  24341 )

\begintext



Radii of the Dwarf Planet Pluto
--------------------------------------------------------


Pluto

     Old values:

        Values are from the 2009 IAU report.

        body999_radii     = ( 1195   1195   1195 )

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY999_RADII     = ( 1188.3   1188.3   1188.3 )

\begintext




Radii of Satellites
--------------------------------------------------------


Moon

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY301_RADII     = ( 1737.4   1737.4   1737.4 )

\begintext



Satellites of Mars

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY401_RADII     = ( 13.0    11.4    9.1 )
        BODY402_RADII     = (  7.8     6.0    5.1 )

\begintext



Satellites of Jupiter

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

        Note that for Ganymede and Callisto only mean radii
        are provided.

\begindata

        BODY501_RADII     = ( 1829.4   1819.4   1815.7  )
        BODY502_RADII     = ( 1562.6  1560.3    1559.5  )
        BODY503_RADII     = ( 2631.2  2631.2    2631.2  )
        BODY504_RADII     = ( 2410.3  2410.3    2410.3  )
        BODY505_RADII     = (  125       73       64    )

\begintext

        Only mean radii are available in the 2015 IAU report for bodies
        506-513.

\begindata

        BODY506_RADII    = (    85       85       85   )
        BODY507_RADII    = (    40       40       40   )
        BODY508_RADII    = (    18       18       18   )
        BODY509_RADII    = (    14       14       14   )
        BODY510_RADII    = (    12       12       12   )
        BODY511_RADII    = (    15       15       15   )
        BODY512_RADII    = (    10       10       10   )
        BODY513_RADII    = (     5        5        5   )
        BODY514_RADII    = (    58       49       42   )
        BODY515_RADII    = (    10        8        7   )
        BODY516_RADII    = (    30       20       17   )

\begintext



Satellites of Saturn


     Old values:

        Values are from the 2009 IAU report.


        body601_radii     = (  207.8     196.7     190.6   )
        body602_radii     = (  256.6     251.4     248.3   )
        body603_radii     = (  538.4     528.3     526.3   )
        body604_radii     = (  563.4     561.3     559.6   )
        body605_radii     = (  765.0     763.1     762.4   )
        body606_radii     = ( 2575.15    2574.78   2574.47 )
        body607_radii     = (  180.1      133.0    102.7   )
        body608_radii     = (  745.7     745.7     712.1   )
        body609_radii     = (  109.4     108.5     101.8   )
        body610_radii     = (  101.5      92.5      76.3   )
        body611_radii     = (   64.9      57.0      53.1   )
        body612_radii     = (   21.7      19.1      13.0   )
        body613_radii     = (   16.3      11.8      10.0   )
        body614_radii     = (   15.1      11.5       7.0   )
        body615_radii     = (   20.4      17.7       9.4   )
        body616_radii     = (   67.8      39.7      29.7   )
        body617_radii     = (   52.0      40.5      32.0   )
        body618_radii     = (   17.2      15.7      10.4   )
        body632_radii     = (    1.6       1.6       1.6   )
        body633_radii     = (    2.9       2.8       2.0   )
        body634_radii     = (    1.5       1.2       1.0   )
        body635_radii     = (    4.3       4.1       3.2   )
        body649_radii     = (    1         1         1     )


     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY601_RADII     = (  207.8     196.7     190.6   )
        BODY602_RADII     = (  256.6     251.4     248.3   )
        BODY603_RADII     = (  538.4     528.3     526.3   )
        BODY604_RADII     = (  563.4     561.3     559.6   )
        BODY605_RADII     = (  765.0     763.1     762.4   )
        BODY606_RADII     = ( 2575.15   2574.78   2574.47  )
        BODY607_RADII     = (  180.1     133.0    102.7    )
        BODY608_RADII     = (  745.7     745.7     712.1   )
        BODY609_RADII     = (  109.4     108.5     101.8   )
        BODY610_RADII     = (  101.7      93.0      76.3   )
        BODY611_RADII     = (   64.9      57.3      53.0   )
        BODY612_RADII     = (   22.5      19.6      13.3   )
        BODY613_RADII     = (   16.3      11.8       9.8   )
        BODY614_RADII     = (   15.3       9.3       6.3   )
        BODY615_RADII     = (   20.5      17.8       9.4   )
        BODY616_RADII     = (   68.2      41.6      28.2   )
        BODY617_RADII     = (   52.2      40.8      31.5   )
        BODY618_RADII     = (   17.2      15.4      10.4   )
        BODY632_RADII     = (    1.94      1.29      1.21  )
        BODY633_RADII     = (    2.88      2.08      1.8   )
        BODY634_RADII     = (    1.5       1.2       1.0   )
        BODY635_RADII     = (    4.6       4.5       2.8   )
        BODY649_RADII     = (    0.5       0.5       0.5   )
        BODY653_RADII     = (    0.7       0.25      0.2   )

\begintext



Satellites of Uranus

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY701_RADII     = (  581.1   577.9   577.7 )
        BODY702_RADII     = (  584.7   584.7   584.7 )
        BODY703_RADII     = (  788.9   788.9   788.9 )
        BODY704_RADII     = (  761.4   761.4   761.4 )
        BODY705_RADII     = (  240.4   234.2   232.9 )

\begintext

        The 2015 IAU report gives only mean radii for satellites 706--715.

\begindata

        BODY706_RADII     = (   13      13      13 )
        BODY707_RADII     = (   15      15      15 )
        BODY708_RADII     = (   21      21      21 )
        BODY709_RADII     = (   31      31      31 )
        BODY710_RADII     = (   27      27      27 )
        BODY711_RADII     = (   42      42      42 )
        BODY712_RADII     = (   54      54      54 )
        BODY713_RADII     = (   27      27      27 )
        BODY714_RADII     = (   33      33      33 )
        BODY715_RADII     = (   77      77      77 )

\begintext




Satellites of Neptune


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

        The 2015 IAU report gives mean radii only for bodies 801-806.

\begindata

        BODY801_RADII     = ( 1352.6  1352.6  1352.6 )
        BODY802_RADII     = (  170     170     170   )
        BODY803_RADII     = (   29      29     29    )
        BODY804_RADII     = (   40      40     40    )
        BODY805_RADII     = (   74      74     74    )
        BODY806_RADII     = (   79      79     79    )

\begintext

        The second equatorial radius for Larissa is not given in the 2009
        report. The available values are:

            BODY807_RADII     = (   104     ---     89   )

        For use within the SPICE system, we use only the mean radius.

\begindata

        BODY807_RADII     = (   96      96     96   )
        BODY808_RADII     = (  218     208    201   )

\begintext




Satellites of Pluto


     Old values:

        Values are from the 2009 IAU report.

        BODY901_RADII     = (  605     605    605   )

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY901_RADII     = (  606     606    606   )

\begintext



Radii for Selected Comets and Asteroids
--------------------------------------------------------


Ceres

     Old values:

        Values are from the 2009 IAU report.

        body2000001_radii     = ( 487.3  487.3  454.7 )

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2000001_RADII     = ( 487.3  487.3  446. )

\begintext



Vesta


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2000004_RADII     = ( 289.  280.  229.  )

\begintext



Psyche

     Current values:

        Values are provided for the first time in the 2015 IAU report.


\begindata

        BODY2000016_RADII     = ( 139.5  116.  94.5  )

\begintext



Lutetia

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2000021_RADII     = (  62.0   50.5   46.5  )

\begintext



52 Europa


     Current values:

        Values are provided for the first time in the 2015 IAU report.


\begindata

        BODY2000052_RADII     = (  189.5  165.  124.5 )

\begintext

Ida


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2431010_RADII     = (   26.8   12.0    7.6 )

\begintext



Mathilde


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2000253_RADII     = (  33.   24.   23.  )

\begintext



Eros


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2000433_RADII     = (  17.0   5.5   5.5  )

\begintext



Davida

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2000511_RADII     = (  180.   147.   127.  )

\begintext



Gaspra


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY9511010_RADII     = (    9.1    5.2    4.4 )

\begintext



Steins

     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2002867_RADII     = (  3.24     2.73     2.04  )

\begintext



Toutatis


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2004179_RADII     = (  2.13  1.015  0.85  )

\begintext



Itokawa


     Old values:

        Values are from the 2009 IAU report. Note that the
        diameters rather than radii were given.

        body2025143_radii     = (  0.535   0.294   0.209  )

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY2025143_RADII     = (  0.268   0.147   0.104  )

\begintext


Kleopatra


     Old values:

        Values are from the 2003 report [13].

        A shape model was not provided in later reports because,
        according to [5], the shape had been "modeled from
        low resolution radar data, and cannot be mapped from those
        data."

        body2000216_radii     = (   108.5      47    40.5  )


     Current values:


        No values are provided in the 2015 IAU report.



Halley


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

\begindata

        BODY1000036_RADII     = (  8.0   4.0   4.0  )

\begintext



9P/Tempel 1


     Old values:

        The effective radius is unchanged in the 2009 IAU report.

     Current values:

        According to [1]:

           The maximum and minimum radii are not properly
           the values of the principal semi-axes, they
           are half the maximum and minimum values of the
           diameter. Due to the large deviations from a
           simple ellipsoid, they may not correspond with
           measurements along the principal axes, or be
           orthogonal to each other.

        The radii along the first and second principal axes
        are given as

           3.7 km
           2.5 km

        The value in the data assignment below is the mean radius.

\begindata

        BODY1000093_RADII     = (  3.0   3.0   3.0  )

\begintext


19P/Borrelly


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:

        The first principal axis length is

           3.5 km

        The lengths of the other semi-axes are not provided
        by [1].

        The value in the data assignment below is the mean radius.

\begindata

        BODY1000005_RADII     = (  4.22   4.22   4.22  )

\begintext



81P/Wild 2


     Old values:

        Values are unchanged in the 2015 IAU report.

     Current values:


\begindata

        BODY1000107_RADII     = (  2.7  1.9  1.5  )

\begintext



67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

     Current values:

        Values are provided for the first time in the 2015 IAU report.

\begindata

        BODY1000012_RADII     = (  2.40  1.55  1.20  )

\begintext



103P/Hartley 2

     The most recent "Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic
     Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2015" appears to incorrectly list
     the radii for Comet 103P/Hartley 2 in Table 6. The following text by
     Brent Archinal, Chair of the Working Group, examines this problem and
     what radii should likely be used.

       However, note that this explanation has not yet been officially
       considered and the proposed changes recommended by the Working Group.
       Such a process will begin shortly, and a consensus document about any
       changes may be published on the Working Group website.

       Clearly from the many figures in various papers (e.g. A'Hearn et al,
       2011, Science, 332, 1396; Belton, et al., 2012 Icarus, 222, 595;
       Thomas, et al. 2013, Icarus, 222, 550), Comet 103P/Hartley 2 has an
       elongated nucleus, with the long axis being the (reference) spin axis.
       This is stated/shown e.g., in Figure 3 of the A'Hearn et al. paper.
       The size is stated in a few places as having a diameter of 0.69 to
       2.33 km and a mean radius of 0.58 +/-0.02 km (A'Hearn, et al.,
       Table 1; Thomas et al., Table 1 (but now with a mean radius uncertainty
       of 0.018 km)). This of course translates to a mean radius of 0.58 km,
       a minimum radius of 0.345 km (or rounding, 0.34 km), and a maximum
       radius of 1.165 km (rounding, 1.16 km). I don't really see a clear
       statement in these papers that these last two numbers can be used for
       the semi axes, just that they are minimum and maximum values.
       Apparently though that's been assumed (as it has been for some of the
       other comets listed in the WG report). There is also no clear statement
       of what if any difference there is between the first and second semi
       axis, but only that they are "similar". E.g., Thomas et al. says
       (Section 3) "This bi-lobed object has near rotational symmetry".
       That does correspond to what's said in footnote (g) of the WG report.

       So, I think it is correct that:

       mean radius = 0.58 km
       a semi-axis = 0.34 km
       b semi-axis = 0.34 km (or "~0.34 km")
       c semi-axis (polar axis) = 1.16 km

     Due to their uncertain status, these data are included in this file
     only as comments. To enable SPICE software to access the data,
     move this assignment

        BODY1000041_RADII     = (  0.34   0.34   1.16  )

     below the \begindata marker below.

\begindata


\begintext

===========================================================================
End of file pck00011.tpc
===========================================================================
